Benzene

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Chemical formula of benzene

C6H6

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Physical evidence for benzene

All bond lengths and angles are the same.

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Chemical evidence hydrogenation

Benzene is more stable than expected

Less energy is released when hydrogenation happens.

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Stabilisation energy of benzene

150 kJ mol -1

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Chemical evidence double bonds

Benzene does not undergo the reactions expected for a molecule with double bonds

Doesn’t undergo any addition reactions. Instead, it undergoes substitution

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Bromine as evidence

When bromine water is added to colourless benzene liquid, it remains orange, unlike other unsaturated compounds.