HBS

Unit 1 TEST

Smooth Muscle

Makes up the Stomach, Blood Vessels, Uterus, Bladder, Esophagus

Skeletal Muscle

Makes up the Abdominals, Quadriceps, Pectorals, etc.

Cardiac Muscle

Makes up the Heart

Which of the following muscle type(s) is NOT striated? (Check Off all appropriate answers)

Smooth Muscle

Which of the following is a member of the chest muscle you built on your Maniken?  (Choose 4)

Intercostal, Serratus Anterior,Pectoralis Minor,Pectoralis Major

Which of the following is a way to classify muscles? (List all possible answers)

Muscle Location,Type of Muscle Action,Muscle Shape

When term biceps, triceps or quadriceps form part of a muscle name, you can assume that

The muscle has two, three or four origins respectively

What is the function of the following muscle?

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Bend the Fingers and Bends the hand forward at the Wrist

What is the function of the following muscle?

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

Bends the hand backward at the wrist

What is the function of the following muscle?

Adductor digiti minimi

A muscle that moves the little toe or finger toward

Temporalis

Side of head

Brachialis

In Arm

Frontalis

In Forehead

Pectoralis Major

In Chest area

Gluteus Maximus

In Buttock

Rectus Femoris

Thigh

Tibialis Anterior

Lower Leg

Sternocleidomastoideus

Sternum,Clavicle,Behind the ear

Brachioradialis

Arm,Radius

Orbicularis Oculi

Circular

Rectus Abdominus

Straight (Parallel to midline

External Oblique

Diagnally

Transverse Abdominus

Across (Perpendicular to midline

Bundle or small cluster of muscle fibers

Fascicle

Collagen fibers at the end of a skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone

Tendon

Outermost layer of connecting Tissue Surrounding Muscle Group

Epimysium

Connective Tissue Surrounding each Bundle of Muscle Fibers

Perimysium

Connective Tissue surrounding each Muscle Fiber

Endomysium

Muscle Fiber

Myofibrils

Muscle Fiber Anatomy for Muscle contraction Actin vs Myosin: Troponin and Tropomyosin are proteins found on Actin, otherwise known as the _________ Filament

Thin

Muscle contraction   T or F: Calcium, Salts and ATP are necessary for successful muscle contraction 

True

1) ______ (Dopamine/Acetylcholine) neurotransmitter is released attaching to the receptors on the Sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction, causing an action potential that triggers   ______ (ATP/Calcium) to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Acetylcholine …Calcium

 2) ______ (ATP/Calcium ions) cause Troponin and Tropomyosin on_____ (Myosin/Actin) (Thin Filaments) to Shift, exposing _____(Myosin/Actin)  Binding sites on the Thin Filament

Calcium .... Actin .....Myosin

3) Myosin Heads connect with _____(Myosin/Actin) Binding Sites moving the _______ (Thin/ Thick) Filament, _____ (Relaxing/ Contracting) the muscle

Actin .... Thin.....Contracting

4) Introduction of ______ (ATP/Calcium ions) cause Myosin Heads to RELEASE the _____(Myosin/Actin)

ATP.... Actin

5) ATP is broken down into ADP & P, causing Myosin heads to Cock back and prepare for ______.

Another Power stroke

Interactions between actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere are responsible for

Muscle Contraction

The Sliding Filament Model of Contraction involves (HINT: It is called the SLIDING Model)

Actin and Myosin Sliding past each other

Rigor mortis (Muscle stiffness after death) occurs because

ATP is required to release the attached actin and myosin molecules

What are the causes of muscle cramps?

Electrolytes,Dehydration,Injury to muscle,Low Blood Glucose Level

Muscle Fatigue:

What factors contribute to Muscle Fatigue?

(Choose All Answers that Apply)

Calcium Leaks into Tired muscles,Lack of Sleep prevents muscle recovery ,Low Fluid and Electrolytes can Low Oxygen can result in Lactic Acid build up when converting Glucose to ATP, causing fatigue muscle cramps and fatigue,Lack of Calcium or Imbalance of Carbohydrates, protein, and fats