Exam 2 Addicting Drugs

drug self-administration

An animal is fitted with an IV cannula connected to a device that regulates drug injections, animal is trained to push a lever to receive a drug INJ.

What is manipulated in a drug self-administration animal model?

• dose of drug

• number of times to push the lever before the drug is administered

• experimenter-administration of other drugs

• environment

What is learned from a drug self-administration animal model?

• Which drugs will an animal’s will self-administer

• how hard an animal work to get next dose of a drug

• what conditions promote or inhibit self-administration

What did Rat Park discover?

Environment plays a key role in the use of drugs; drug consumption was a reaction to poor, isolating environments rather than simply a chemical addiction

What does Break Point tell you?

How hard an animal will work to get more drug

Drug discrimination experiments

An animal trained to press one lever after receiving a drug, the opposite lever after receiving saline; after training, a different drug is given to see which lever is pressed

Goal of drug discrimination studies

examining and classifying in vivo pharmacological mechanisms of CNS-acting drugs in the whole animal

Reinstatement of Drug Seeking Behavior Experiments

self-administration training, extinction, cue-induced reinstatement

Goal of Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking Behavior Experiments

see if reinstating cues of being able to receive a drug after getting the drug and cue taken away will cause relapse behavior (repeated lever pushing)

Conditioned Place Preference Experiements

Studies the role of context associations in reward-related behaviors, including both natural rewards and drugs of abuse

Pavlovian learning is used in which experiment model

CPP

PET scan

In this technique, a radioactive atom that emits positrons is incorporated into a molecule that interacts with some component of the brain. This molecule is injected into an individual, and sophisticated sensors around the head determine where the molecule accumulates in the brain.

morphine is a major active chemical in what

opium

natural product

something produced by nature

all semi-synthetic and synthetic opioids act on

mu-opioid receptors

opiates

similarly acting drugs derived from opium

opioids

any semi-syntehtic or syntehtic drug with effects like those of morphine

morphine is more potent than ___ but has the same efficacy

codeine

Codeine and morphine are schedule

II

heroin is a schedule __ drug

I

heroin does___ act on the mu-opioid receptor, as it acts as a ____ drug

not, pro

heroin/6-acetyl morphine enters the ___ faster and to a ___ extent than ___

brain, greater, morphine

compared to morphine, heroin is more ___ when injected however it must be ___ or smoked to get this increased ___

potent, injected, potency

the only difference between morphine and heroin are 2 ____ groups

acetyl

heroin is a ___ drug while morphine is a ___ product

synthetic, natural

cocaine is an ___ dopamine agonist

indirect

cocaine ____ the amount of ____ in synapses

increases, dopamine

the result of a stimulant’s effects is the increase in the amount of ___ in the brain synapses

dopamine

cocaine-like drugs bind directly to the ___

DAT (dopamine transporter)

meth/amphetamine ___ the amount of ____ in synapses

increase, dopamine

amphetamine _____ dopamine in vesicles

displaces

MDMA increases the amount of ___ in the synapses

serotonin