Chapter 19 - Bond Energy and Gibbs Free Energy

what bond has highest potential energy?

nonpolar bonds

enthalpy (H)

total bond energy

spontaneous

when a reaction is thermodynamically favorable

nonspontaneous

when a reaction is not thermodynamically favorable

gibbs free energy (G)

measure of instability in a system

what occurs when enthalpy decreases and entropy increases?

change in G decreases, less order, more stability, thermodynamically favorable, spontaneous

what occurs when enthalpy increases and entropy decreases?

change in G increases, more order, less stability, not thermodynamically favorable, nonspontaneous

how can nonfavorable reactions still occur?

as long as the net loss is negative, a coupled reaction can occur

coupled reaction

break bonds in one reaction to form bonds in another

exergonic reaction

change in G decreases

endogonic reaction

change in G increases

chemical equilibrium

the change in G = 0