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what bond has highest potential energy?
nonpolar bonds
enthalpy (H)
total bond energy
spontaneous
when a reaction is thermodynamically favorable
nonspontaneous
when a reaction is not thermodynamically favorable
gibbs free energy (G)
measure of instability in a system
what occurs when enthalpy decreases and entropy increases?
change in G decreases, less order, more stability, thermodynamically favorable, spontaneous
what occurs when enthalpy increases and entropy decreases?
change in G increases, more order, less stability, not thermodynamically favorable, nonspontaneous
how can nonfavorable reactions still occur?
as long as the net loss is negative, a coupled reaction can occur
coupled reaction
break bonds in one reaction to form bonds in another
exergonic reaction
change in G decreases
endogonic reaction
change in G increases
chemical equilibrium
the change in G = 0
