APUSH Unit 3

Board of Customs Commissioners

To curtail smuggling in Boston

Tea Tax

Repealed Townshend Taxes except on tea.

Boston Massacre (1770)

Hugh white outside of customs house. Fight breaks out. Crispus Attocks gets shot leading to massacre. Troops leave Boston. 3 year peace.

Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre

Suggested massacre over riot.

Commitees of Correspondence

By Samuel Adams to keep up enthusiasm for British Resistance.

Philosophical Influence of American Revolution

Colonist felt English gov. corrupt.

Formation of Regulators because of...

under-representation and corruption of colonial authority.

Gaspee Affair

Burning of British schooner. Led to Royal Commission of Inquiry.

Boston Tea Party

In response to Tea Act. Felt they validated tax by buying tea. Led to Intolerable/Coercive Acts

Sons of Liberty

Throw tea in harbor.

Intolerable/Coercive Acts (1774)

Quartering Act

Reaction to Intolerable Acts

Massachusetts Provisional Congress wrote Suffolk resolves. VHOB creates 1st Continental Congress.

Suffolk Resolves

Said to boycott British goods and raise militia.

1st Continental Congress (1774)

• Radicals (war)

Battle of Lexington

Gage sent to arrest Sons of Liberty and destroy weapons stockpile. British win but Paul Revere and William Dawes warn SOL before British arrival.

Battle of Concord led to...

Seige of Boston

2nd Continental Congress

• Continental Army created led by George Washington

• Possible Reconciliation = Olive Branch Petition

• Committee of 5 write the Declaration of Independence.

Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

Directly displays ideas of independence.

After Declaration America Divided

Patriots vs. Loyalist (Tories).

British Army vs. Continental Army

Pros vs. Garbage (until Washington)

The American Crisis (Thomas Paine)

Moral boost for soldiers after win at battle of Trenton

British Stratagy (1777)

Sever New England

Battle of Sartoga (1777)

Heratio Gates beats Bergoyne. Treaty of Alliances with France.

Southern Campaign in American Revolution

New Plan for Britain. Probelm = Promise of freeing slaves led to less support.

Battle of Yorktown (1781)

Americans and French led Cornwallis to surrender. Evacuation of British troops.

Treaty of Paris

Ben Franklin

Revolutionary War and Slaves

Many joined British or fled. Slavery not consistent with DOI. Eary abolition efforts rejected by South. Quakers create 1st Anti-Slavery society.

Revolutionary War and Women

Support roles in camp (Molly Pitcher). Role not altered after war.

Revolutionary War and Economy

Greater emphasis on domestic manufacturing and self-suffeciency

Creating State Governments

Bicameralism. Seperation of Powers. Limited Gov. Written Constitutions. Republicanism vs. Democracy.

Separation of church and state

Thomas Jefferson - Statute of Religious Freedom

Creating a National Government

Articles of Confederation - John Dickinson. Unicameral legislature. 1 state= 1 vote. Could wage war

Success of the Articles of Confederation

Land Ordinances of 1784/85 - Statehood application and land surveying. Northwest Ordinance - 5 territories. Banned Slavery.

Problems under AOC

Post-war depression. No tax. Poor money supply

Shay's Rebellion

Rebellion by farmers to stop foreclosures.

Annapolis Convention (1786)

Want to fix gov. and improve economy by revising AOC.

Constitutional Convention

Wrote new Constituion. Virginia + New Jersey Plan = Connecticut (Great) Compromise. 3/5 Compromise. Creation of Executive branch elected by electoral college. Trade/Slave compromise - Interstate trade controlled by Congress. Slave trade left alone until 1808.

Virginia Plan

3 branches. Bicameral. Proportional Representation.

New Jersey Plan

Unicameral. Equal Representation.

Connecticut (Great) Compromise

Bicameral with House (Proportional Rep.) and Senate (Equal Rep.)

3/5 Compromise

Each slave would count for 3/5 of a person for taxation and representation purposes

Debates over ratification of the Constitution

Federalists (in favor) vs. Anti-federalist. Federalist papers invalidated problems.

Constitution

Federalism