ASCP Clinical Chemistry
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Last updated 7:24 AM on 8/21/23
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639 Terms
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Diurnal variation
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Changes in concentration of an analyte based on the time of the day (measured at day vs. night time)
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What is increased in the AM? (b/c of diurnal variation)
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ACTH, Cortisol, Iron
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ACTH role
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adrenocorticotropic hormone- stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete CORTISOL
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How does stress affect chemistry values?
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Increase in ACTH, cortisol, and catecholamines
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Catecholamines
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Hormones made by adrenal glands during stress.
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Ex. dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
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Which analyte values are affected if delay in processing b/c serum/plasma is not separated in time?
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Ammonia, lactic acid, K, Mg, LD, glucose
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Components of Spectrophotometry (in order)
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Light source- monochromator- cuvette- photodetector- readout
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Fluorometry components (in order)
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Light source- primary monochromator- cuvette- secondary monochromator- detector- readout
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When is thin-layer chromatography primarily used?
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Screening test for drugs of abuse in urine
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When is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) used?
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Separation of thermolabile compounds
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When is gas chromatography used?
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Separation of volatile compounds (therapeutic & toxic drugs)
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what is Glucose and when does it decrease
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major source of cellular energy. Levels decrease if sample sits at RT.
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What are the common methods to measure glucose?
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Glucose oxidase & hexokinase\= most common (hexokinase is more accurate)
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Is cholesterol a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)?
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not by itself (must be analyzed with HDL & LDL)
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HDL
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"good fat"- levels should be \>60 mg/dL
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LDL
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"bad fat"- calculated via Friedwald formula
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Risk factor for coronary artery disease
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levels should be
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Triglycerides
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Main form of lipid storage- need fasting specimen
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levels should be
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What method is used to measure total protein?
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Biuret method
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Biuret method depends on the presence of what?- (detection of total protein levels)
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Amount of PEPTIDE BONDS
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What plasma protein is the most abundant?
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albumin (synthesized in the liver)
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Albumin levels if dehydrated
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Increased
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Which hormone is responsible for the entry of glucose into cells and decreases blood glucose levels?
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Insulin
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Which hormone stimulates glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen-stored glucose) & gluconeogenesis?
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Glucagon
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Cortisol & epinephrine effect on glucose
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increases it
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Stress hormone
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Insulin antagonist- stimulates glucose production
Note 
Flashcards (99)