art history test 3 etruscan, roman, byzantine, medieval

Vergil/ Aeneid

Vergil was a great Roman epic poet. Aenia was his story of the Trojan prince Aeneas and the eventual founding of Rome

Necropolis

“Dead city” or cemetery. Most of what we know about the etruscans comes from excavations of their cemeteries.

Terra cotta

Red clay or red earth. Clay used by etruscans for their sculpture.

Cinerary urn

Etruscan

Lid is a head

Sarcophagus

Etruscan

“Flesh eater”

Sarcophagus (young man)

Etruscan

Talking to a fate

Apollo from veii

Etruscan

Culture contact-Apollo is Greek

Chimera

Etruscan

More than 1 creature

She wolf

Etruscan

Babies added later on

Tomb of the lionesses

Etruscan

Woman and man dancing

Punic wars

Series of 3 wars fought between Rome and Carthage. Rome was victorious, Carthage was destroyed

Triumvirates

Period of instability. periods of disruption. Augustus comes out on top

Pax Romana

“Roman peace”. No war, good things come from this.

What 4 developments allowed Roman’s to become the greatest builders of the ancient world

Arch

Vault

Dome

Concrete

Arch

Allowed Romans to build high

Ex: aqueduct at pont du guard

Vault

Tunnel/arch extended

Ex: basilica of Constantine

Dome

Allowed for big rooms; circular big space

Ex: pantheon

Concrete

Stronger more durable buildings

Ex: colosseum

Aqueduct at pont du guard

Roman

Still works

Basilica of Constantine

Roman

Has 3 vaults

Pantheon

Roman

“All gods”

Colosseum

Roman

Damaged

Orator pose

Pose used in Roman sculpture to depict a great speaker

Ex: larringatore

Narrative relief

Sculpture on a 2-D surface that tells a story

Ex: Trajan’s column

Domus/ insulae

Domus was a house-large, single-family dwelling. Made for the wealthy. Often had a private courtyard and atrium

Insulae is a house- apartment style, blocks for general population. Sometimes has shops around

Larringatore

Roman

Speaker

Augustus of primaporta

Roman

Warrior

Bust of hadrin

Roman

Loved Greek things

Portrait of antinous

Roman

City named after him

Marcus Aurelius

Roman

Equestrian

Bust of Constantine

Roman

Destroyed

Trajans column

Roman

120ft high

Triumphal arch of Constantine

Roman

Like a billboard

Ara pacis

Roman

“Altar of peace”

Mosaic

Artwork made of tiny little pieces of colored glass, stone, or tile

Ex:Alexander mosaic

Alexander mosaic

Roman

Culture contact-Hellenistic period

Jar and peaches

Roman

Still-life

Pompeii

Roman resort city buried by a volcano. The eruption preserved many examples of Roman fresco painting and mosaics in excellent condition.

Villa of mysteries

Roman

Orgy depicted

Justinian

Ruler of Byzantium during its golden age. His wife Theodora was an able co-ruler. Hagia Sophia was erected during his reign

San vitale

Byzantine

Beautiful inside

Hagia Sophia

Byzantine

Window light is very bright

St. Marks

Byzantine

In Venice

Sta. Apollinare

Byzantine

12 sheep

Justinian and court

Byzantine

Church and government leaders

Byzantine icon

Byzantine

Sitting on colosseum

Icon

Portable sacred image

Catacombs

Underground passageways used as burial spaces and secret meeting places for Christian’s during periods of persecution

St. Augustine

Bishop of hippo, was one of the major figures of this period. Wrote influential city of God

Book of kells

Medieval

Animal style

Lindisfarne gospel

Medieval

Sold to rulers

Bayeux tapestry

Medieval

Norman conquest

Unicorn tapestry

Medieval

Unicorn killed