Nucleic Acids Part 2

messenger RNA, Transfer RNA, Ribosomal RNA, Ribozyme

Types of Ribonucleic Acid

messenger RNA

Brings the codes for proteins synthesis

ribosomal RNA

forms the core of the ribosomes and machinery for making proteins

transfer RNA

matches code for amino acid on mRNA and positions the right amino acid in place during protein synthesis

ribozyme

RNA with enzymatic properties, cuts off mRNA

mRNA

Carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm

mRNA

Consists of a chain of nucleotides whose sequence is exactly complementary to one of the strands of DNA

tRNA

It contains 73 to 93 nucleotides per chain

tRNA

Transports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis in the ribosomes

mRNA

RNA that is complexed with proteins in ribosomes

1 large, 1 small

What are the 2 subunits of mRNA

1 large

what subunit of mRNA that catalyzes the peptide bond formation

1 small

what subunit of mRNA that binds MRNA and tRNA

Ribozymes

Catalytic RNA
Catalyze the splicing of mRNA

Exons

coding sequence

expressed sequence

Intron

noncoding sequence

intervening sequence

manager

DNA acts as a _____ in the process of making proteins

DNA

is the template or starting sequence that is copied into RNA that is then used to make the protein

DNA

is the genetic instruction or gene

Transcription

DNA to RNA is called?

Transcript

RNA chain is called?

Translation

RNA to Protein is called?

RNA polymerase

Transcription is carried out by?

Ribosomes

Translation is performed on?

DNA polymerase

Replication is carried out by?

RNA into DNA

Reverse transcriptase copies?

Transcription

Occurs in the nucleus
Information encoded in a DNA molecule is copied into an mRNA molecule

Translation

Information encoded in an mRNA molecule is used to assemble a specific protein

large amount

Some genes are transcribed in large quantities because we need ________ of this protein

small amount

Some genes are transcribed in small quantities because we need only _____ of this protein

Gene

is the sequence of nucleotides within a portion of DNA that codes for a peptide or a functional RNA

Genome

what is the sum of all genes?