English (copy)

tendency to favor one thing in an unfair way

Prejudice can influence this

Bias

unfavorable forming of opinions based on stereotypes

Prejudice

selecting stories that would do well

Advertising bias

stories that can be told shortly

Concision Bias

reports what everyone is reporting

Mainstream Bias

extraordinary events>ordinary

Sensationalism

Belief that one race is better than the other

Racism

Belief that one sex is better than the other

Sexism

Irrational fear of gay people

Homophobia

One religion is better than the other

Religious Prejudice

Gatekeeping against an age group different from yours

Ageism

people from different social classes being treated differently

Classism

Eight parts of speech

Noun

Pronoun

Verb

Adjectives

Prepositions

Adverb

Conjunctions

Injunctions

looks like a verb, but functions as a noun

Verbal

Is a verbal, and it adds “ing” for it to form

Subject: “why” + “what”

Gerund

“whom” or “what” after action verb

Is a type of Gerund

Direct object:

“Whom” or “for what” after action verb is done

Type of Gerund

Indirect object:

after linking verb + renames subject

Type of Gerund

Predicate Nominative:

whom, what, when

Type of Gerund

Object of Preposition:

Explains stuff before it

Type of Gerund

Appositive:

to + verb = infinitive

noun, adjectives, or adverbs

Infinitive

Noun

Type of Infinitive

Nominal Infinitives

Adjective

Type of Infinitives

Adjectival Infinitve

Adverb

Infinitive

Adverbial Infinitves

Adds “ing” to the verb, but this functions as an adjective

past participles end in -d or -en

Present = ing

Participle

to convince

To Persuade

to educate

To Inform

To Entertain

engages reader’s emotions

can be verified objectively

Fact

element of belief

Opinion

Statement

Claim

supports claim

Evidence

has the appearance of truth and reality

Validity

This part of the story primarily introduces the setting, characters, style, etc. In the exposition, the writer’s sole focus is on building the world in which the story’s conflict happens.

Exposition

explores the story’s conflict up until its climax. Often, things “get worse” in this part of the story

Rising Action

Here, the story’s conflict peaks and we learn the fate of the main characters

Climax

Falling Action

It's the phase where the tension starts to ease, and the story begins to wind down. During this phase, the consequences of the climax unfold, loose ends are tied up, and the characters start to deal with the aftermath of the main events.

The resolution of the story involves tying up the loose ends of the climax and falling action.

Resolution

piece of writing presented through dialogue

Drama

used for rituals

Primitive Drama:

Middle Ages:

Morality and Christian Values

Renaissance:

Creativity

Enhanced with current technology

Modern

What happens in the play

Plot

meaning of the play

Theme:

Characters:

the people portrayed in the play

Conversation of characters written by playwright

Dialogue:

Voices of the actors

Music and Rhythm:

Spectacle:

Everything the audience sees

stage where the audience sits on one side only. The audience faces one side of the stage directly , and normally sits at a lower height. There's usually an arch in front.

PROSCENIUM STAGE:

being surrounded by audience on three sides.

THRUST STAGE:

the audience is located only on the front of the stage

END STAGE:

audience sits on two sides. Also, this type of stage is good for creating an intimate atmosphere.

TRAVERSE STAGE:

central stage surrounded by the audience on all sides. The stage area is also often raised to improve sightlines.

ARENA STAGE:

parts of speech that add color and power to your conversations

Idioms

Uses like and as

Simile:

like simile but does not use like and as, and it is usually used to emphasize a specific quality

Metaphor:

Humanization of things

Personification:

exaggerated for humor, to emphasize a point or emotion

Hyperbole:

the wordification of certain sounds

Onomatopoeia:

a statement contradicting itself

Oxymoron:

using a synonym instead of direct word

Metonymy:

part instead of a whole

Synecdoche: