Chemistry I Oxidation and Reduction Study Guide

Junior Year

Oxidation

when a substance loses electrons

Reduction

when a substance gains electrons

Redox Reaction

chemical process involving the transfer of electrons

Oxidation state

charge of an atom if all the bonding electrons were transferred to the atom with the attraction for e-

Oxidant

oxidizing agent that causes oxidation and accepts electrons that then becomes reduced

Reductant

reducing agent that causes reduction and gives electrons that then becomes oxidized

Galvonic cell

uses energy released from a spontaneous redox reaction to generate electricity= voltaic cell

Electrolytic cell

consumes energy from an outside source, using it to cause a non spontaneous redox reaction to occur.

Electroplating

using redox reactions to put a 2nd metal on the cathode.

Sacrificial electrode

have a more reactive metals react instead of the metal you don’t want to react

Corrosion

Galvanic process by which metals deteriorate through oxidation

Battery

a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through chemical reactions

Nonelectrolyte

a substance that does not conduct electricity

Strong electrolyte

a substance that produces strong electricity

Weak electrolyte

a substance that produces weak electricity

the difference between cathode and anode is the amount of blank going one direction (+ or -)

e-(in volts)

how to solve for voltage

Ecell= cathode-anode

More reactive elements are on the blank of a reduction potential table

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Less reactive elements are near the blank of a reduction potential table

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