Electronics & Optoelectronic Devices

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to electronics and optoelectronic devices, including semiconductors, diode types, and their applications.

Semiconductor

A material with an energy band gap approximately 1 eV, having conductivity between conductors and insulators.

Intrinsic Semiconductor

Pure semiconductors, such as silicon or germanium, with low conductivity at room temperature.

Doping

The controlled addition of impurities to a pure semiconductor to modify its electrical properties.

N-Type Semiconductor

Formed by doping a semiconductor with pentavalent impurities, resulting in increased free electrons as majority carriers.

P-Type Semiconductor

Formed by doping a semiconductor with trivalent impurities, resulting in holes as majority carriers.

PN Junction

The boundary formed when a P-type semiconductor is joined to an N-type semiconductor.

Forward Bias

Condition when the positive terminal of a battery is connected to the P-region and negative to the N-region of a diode.

Reverse Bias

Condition when the positive terminal of a battery is connected to the N-region and negative to the P-region of a diode.

Zener Diode

A heavily doped PN junction diode that operates in reverse bias conditions, used as a voltage regulator.

Schottky Diode

A diode formed by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal, known for its low forward bias voltage and fast switching.

Depletion Region

The region around a PN junction where mobile charge carriers are absent, creating an electric field.

Rectification

The process of converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) using a rectifier.