12 - Esophagus and Diaphragm (Absite 2024)

1. Entrance of esophagus (cause by cricopharyngeal muscle; narrowest)

2. Crossing of the LEFT main stem bronchus

3. Narrowing of the hiatus of the diaphragm

The normal areas of esophageal narrowing are:

1.

2.

3.

Inferior thyroid artery

The cervical esophagus receives its blood supply primarily from the ___ artery

Bronchial arteries

The thoracic esophagus receives its blood supply primarily from the ___ artery

Ascending branch of the left gastric artery

The abdominal esophagus receives its blood supply primarily from the ___ artery

Goblet cells

The histologic hallmark of Barrett’s esophagus is ___

270 degree

Toupet fundoplication involves ____ degree posterior wrap

Type III (Mixed hernia)

An upward dislocation of both the cardia and gastric fundus is which type of hiatal hernia?

Type I

An upward dislocation of the cardia in the posterior mediastinum is which type of hiatal hernia?

Type II (Rolling hernia)

An upward dislocation of the gastric fundus alongside a normally positioned cardia is which type of hiatal hernia?

Cervical and upper thoracic esophagus

Squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus most commonly occur at ____

Diffuse esophageal spasm

___ involves simultaneous nonperistaltic contractions of the esophagus