PHYS Exam 1 (Conceptual Review & Lecture Slide Examples 1,2,3)

The average speed of a horse that gallops 10 kilometers in

30 minutes is

A) 15 km/h.

B) 20 km/h.

C) 30 km/h.

D) 40 km/h.

20 km/h

When you walk at an average speed of 4 m/s, in 5 s you’ll cover a distance of

A) 2 m.

B) 10 m.

C) 15 m.

D) 20 m.

20 m

Katelyn runs along the aisle of a train that moves at 8 m/s. Her speed relative to the floor is 3 m/s. Her speed relative to an observer at rest on the ground is

A) 5 m/s.

B) 11 m/s.

C) [either, depending on her running direction]

D) [none of the these]

either, depending on her running direction

An airplane that flies at 100 km/h in a 100-km/h crosswind has a ground speed of

A) 0.

B) 100 km/h.

C) 141 km/h.

D) 200 km/h.

141 km/h

A ball starting from rest at the top of an inclined plane accelerates at 2 m/s2 and reaches the bottom of the plane in 3 seconds. What is the length of the plane?

A) 2 m

B) 3 m

C) 5 m

D) 9 m

9m

If a rocket initially at rest accelerates at a rate of 50 m/s2 for one minute, its speed will be

A) 50 m/s.

B) 500 m/s.

C) 3000 m/s.

D) 3600 m/s.

3000 m/s

A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always

A) in the direction of motion.

B) opposite its velocity.

C) directed upward.

D) directed downward.

E) [none of these]

directed downward

A rock dropped from a 5-m height accelerates at 10 m/s2 and strikes the ground 1 s later. If the rock is dropped from a height of 2.5 m, its acceleration of fall is

A) half.

B) the same.

C) twice.

D) four times as much.

the same

A ball rolls off the edge of a table at the same time another ball drops vertically from the same table. The ball to hit the floor first is the

A) rolling ball.

B) dropped ball.

C) [both hit at the same time]

both hit at the same time

While a rock thrown upward at 50 degrees to the horizontal rises—neglecting air resistance in the horizontal direction—its vertical component of velocity

A) increases.

B) remains unchanged.

C) decreases.

decreases

The circular path of a satellite orbiting Earth is characterized by a constant

A) speed.

B) acceleration.

C) radial distance.

D) [all of these]

E) [none of these]

all of these

If the volume of an object were to double, with no change in mass, its density would

(a) halve.

(b) double.

(c) be the same.

(d) None of these

halve

When you bend the branch of a tree by hanging on its end, the top side of the branch is under

(a) tension.

(b) compression.

(c) Both.

(d) Neither.

tension

Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats in water. The density of pumice compared with that of water is

(a) less.

(b) equal.

(c) greater.

(d) none because it sinks

less

The pressure at the bottom of a pond does NOT depend on the

(a) acceleration due to gravity.

(b) water density.

(c) depth of the pond.

(d) surface area of the pond.

surface area of the pond

A completely submerged object always displaces its own

(a) weight of fluid.

(b) volume of fluid.

(c) density of fluid.

(d) All of these.

volume of fluid

A rock suspended by a weighing scale weighs 5 N out of water and 3 N when submerged in water. What is the buoyant force on the rock?

(a) 3 N

(b) 5 N

(c) 8 N

(d) None of these.

none of these

In a vacuum, an object has no

(a) buoyant force.

(b) mass.

(c) weight.

(d) All of these.

buoyant force

When you squeeze an air-filled party balloon, you increase its

(a) volume.

(b) mass.

(c) weight.

(d) density.

density

In a hydraulic press operation, the output piston cannot

(a) move farther than the input piston.

(b) exceed the force input.

(c) exceed the input piston’s speed.

(d) produce increased energy.

produce increased energy

The flight of a blimp best illustrates

(a) Archimedes’ principle.

(b) Pascal’s principle.

(c) Bernoulli’s principle.

(d) Boyle’s law.

Archimedes’ principle

When wind speeds up as it blows over the top of a hill, atmospheric pressure there

(a) increases.

(b) decreases.

(c) isn’t affected.

(d) reduces to zero.

decreases

You swing to and fro on a playground swing. If you stand rather than sit, the time for a to-and-fro swing is

(a) lengthened.  

(b) shortened.  

(c) unchanged.

shortened

The time it takes for a pendulum swinging to and fro refers to its

(a) frequency.  

(b) period.  

(c) wavelength.  

(d) amplitude.

period

The period of a 10-Hz wave is

(a)1/10 s.  

(b) 1.0 s.  

(c) 10 s.  

(d) None of these.

1/10 s

A wave transfers

(a) amplitude.  

(b) wavelength.  

(c) frequency.  

(d) energy

energy

Find the speed of a wave by multiplying its frequency by its

(a) period. 

(b) wavelength.

(c) amplitude.  

(d) None of these

wavelength

The vibrations in a transverse wave move in a direction

(a) along the wave.

(b) perpendicular to the wave.

(c) Both of these.

(d) Neither of these.

perpendicular to the wave

The vibrations in a longitudinal wave move in a direction

(a) along and parallel to the wave.

(b) perpendicular to the wave.

(c) Both of these.

(d) Neither of these

along and parallel to the wave

Interference is characteristic of

(a) sound waves

(b) light waves.  

(c) water waves.

(d) All of these

all of these

Standing waves are the result of

(a) interference.

(b) waves overlapping in phase and out of phase.

(c) waves reflecting upon themselves.

(d) All of these.

all of these

The Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

(a) toward you.

(b) away from you.

(c) Both of these.

(d) None of these.

both of these

Compared with the sound you hear from the siren of a stationary fire engine, its sound when it approaches you has an increased

(a) speed.

(b) frequency. 

(c) Both of these. 

(d) Neither of these.

frequency

what is a blueshift?

when the source approaches, shifting towards blue/violet

what is a redshift?

when the source moves away, shifting towards red