Chemistry Lecture on Alkenes and Alkynes

A collection of vocabulary flashcards focused on key terms and concepts related to alkenes, alkynes, and their chemical reactions.

Alkyne

A type of hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon triple bond.

Hydrocarbon

Organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

Dimerization

The process in which two molecules combine to form a single molecule with a larger structure.

Addition Reaction

A reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule, often seen in alkenes and alkynes.

Tautomerization

A chemical reaction that involves the shift of hydrogen and isomerization of compounds, often between a keto form and an enol form.

Hydration Reaction

The addition of water to a compound, often turning an alkene into an alcohol.

Vinyl Chloride

An organic compound used to produce polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a common plastic.

Acetylene

The simplest alkyne, with the formula C₂H₂, used as a fuel and in organic synthesis.

Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, which is often influenced by the molecular structure.

Halogenation

A chemical reaction that introduces halogen atoms into a compound, often leading to color changes, as in bromine reaction with alkenes.

Acetic Acid

A colorless liquid organic compound with a pungent smell, commonly used in cooking and as a chemical reagent.

Polymerization

The process of combining small molecules (monomers) into a large network or polymer.

Reaction Mechanism

The step-by-step sequence of elementary reactions by which an overall chemical change occurs.

Chemical Stability

The tendency of a compound to resist change or decomposition under specified conditions.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any permanent chemical change itself.

Electrophile

A species that accepts an electron pair from a nucleophile in a chemical reaction.

Radical

An atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valence electrons, which makes it highly reactive.