APUSH British North America

The first successfully marketed staple crop in the New World

Tobacco

By the early 1600s, a cluster of New Englanders had already settled at this site in Carolina

Cape Fear

The economic practice asserting that the wealth of the world was finite

Mercantilism

Investment groups financing individual colonies

Joint-Stock Companies

Carolina colony that by 1683 had been renamed Charles Town, later Charleston

Oyster Point

The economic motivation for England to colonize the North America

Valuable materials — primarily precious metals or cash crops

This former government attorney was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

John Winthrop

A financial incentive offered to potential colonists to come to North America

Headright

This area of land contained the preferred land of southern settlers

Tidewater

Two reasons why indentured servitude become less popular by the late 1600s

1) Less English poor were coming to N.A.

2) Slaves began to live longer

The planner and founder of Philadelphia

William Penn

Considered the South's greatest commodity

Land

Three problems in English society during the 15th and 16th centuries that led to increased migration to the New World

1) Enclosure Acts taking pleasant land

2) Religious persecution of minorities

3) Unemployment

This southern colony was originally intended to be a penal colony

Georgia

New York was originally known as this

New Netherlands (NYC was New Amsterdam)

Roger Williams was originally banished from Massachusetts Bay on these charges

Heresy

The three English ships that originally brought settlers to Jamestown

Susan Constant, Discovery, Godspeed

The part of North America where the Pilgrims were originally traveling to in 1621 before being blown off-course

Northern Virginia

This joint-stock company held the charter for the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Massachusetts Bay Company

The reason why the Pilgrims decided to stay at Plymouth rather than travel to their original destination

Predetermination — they believed God meant for them to be at Plymouth

This natural condition across much of the south created the Fall Line

Fault line

Governor of Plymouth Plantation whose journal Of Plymouth Plantation became widely read

William Bradford

Justification

Anne Hutchinson believed in this — You could be saved by repentance and Jesus

Santification

To be saved, you had to be one of God’s elect

The planner and founder of Savannah, GA

James Olgethorpe

The future husband of Pocahontas, he developed the first successfully marketed staple crop in the New World

John Rolfe

This practice of the Church of England had the Puritans demanding reform

Remants of the Catholic faith (too much liturgy)

This economic practice relied on favorable trade balances, calling on nations to trade raw materials for gold and silver

Merchantilism

Farmers participating in Bacon's Rebellion felt most directly threatened by this

Native American conflicts & lack of government protection

The two areas separated by the Fall Line

Piedmont and Tidewater

Other than cotton, these were three staple crops ultimately grown in the colonial south

Indigo, Tobacco, Rice

The founder of Rhode Island, he had previously been banished from Massachusetts Bay

Roger Williams

This nation was the primary market for Virginia tobacco during the early colonial period

England

The area of land beyond the point where navigation on coastal rivers ceased

Piedmont

This owner of a large plantation in Barbados proposed advancing settlement in the Carolina region

Sir John Colleton

Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper's personal secretary, physician and legal advisor

John Locke

The three original planned sites for colonization in Carolina

Abelmarle Sound, Cape Fear, Port Royal

T/F In coming to North America to build "A City Upon A Hill," the Puritans were seeking to break from the Church of England

False

The Charter of Carolina granted its eight partners this in 1663

Title to all lands lying between Virginia and northern Florida, continent to sea

This entity (person/church/government) led the opposition to Bacon’s Rebellion

Colonial government of Virginia, led by Governor Sir William Berkeley

The author of American Slavery - American Freedom, who write about how racism has been used to divide the working classes

Edmund Morgan

A period of starvation during early colonization caused by the settlers’ lack of survival skills and focus on finding wealth

“Starving Time”

Sir Walter Raleigh’s first attempt at a colony; it mysteriously disappeared with only “Croaton” inscribed on a post

Roanoke

The first town in the English New World

Jamestown

Implemented a rule saying “He who will not work will not eat,” which kept the colonists alive and disciplined

John Smith

Copied the Pocahontas Story from Juan Ortiz

John Smith

T/F Colonial wives were treated like queens in the New World, and only the richest, most lawful workers could have one

False

This system established the beginnings of a class system in N.A.

Headright system

Piedmont was primarily settled by these kinds of people

Poorer or more individualistic, rugged folk

A strategy used to replenish the soil with nutrients; this was the reason land was such a great commodity

Crop rotation

Why did the Abelmarle Sound settlement fail?

Too isolated from transoceanic commerce and yielded no profit

Why did the Cape Fear settlement fail?

Surrounded by hostile Natives and treacherous conditions; nobody wanted to stay there

Oyster Point (Charleston) was closest to this initial settlement

Port Royal

A key Calvinist belief that stated that from the moment you are conceived it is decided whether you will go to Heaven or Hell

Predestination

T/F The Pilgrims at Plymouth wanted to break away from the Church

True

This document was signed to reestablish authority in Plymouth, New England

The Mayflower Compact

The center of the community at Massachusetts Bay

the congregational church

This colony was the most similar to Massachusetts

Connecticut

T/F Anne Hutchinson said she had a divine revelation

True

This Native American chief was initially friendly to colonists, but eventually started a war with them (2 names)

Metacomet/King Phillip

Colonies owned by proprietors who were granted large land grants by the King

Proprietary colonies