Oral Communication || 1st Semester || Midterms

Communication Barrier

Factors that stop communication from effectively occurring

Language Barrier

Different languages

Semantic Barrier

Different interpretations of the words

Syntactic Barrier

Grammar mistakes and errors

Physical/Environmental Barrier

Physical limitations like noise

Physiological Barrier

Disabilities

Emotional/Psychological Barrier

Failure to express feelings or emotion

Cultural Barrier

Different understandings due to different cultures

Kinship

Families and organizations

Sexuality or Gender

Some countries are open and closed

Religion

Some have specific religions that change understanding and clothing

Cultural Taboos

Includes many taboos universal and per culture

Dress Code

How one should dress in one country vs another varies

Food and Eating Habits

How people eat or what they use to eat also varies from culture to culture

Communication

Two way process by which information is exchanged between people through common systems

communicare

Latin word of communication means working as one

Verbal Communication

Words and language

Oral Language

Speaking and active listening

Written Language

Written text

Sign Language

Gestures to represent words

Non-Verbal Communication

Communication through body language and gestures

Facial Expressions

Emotion through a person's face

Gestures

motions of a speaker's hands or arms during a speech

Paralinguistics

-Tone of voice

-Loudness, pitch, etc.

Body Language and Posture

Can convey certain information about how an individual feels or thinks about a situation; (defensive postures, arm-crossing, and leg-crossing);

Proxemics

-Distance between persons

-Personal space

Eye Gaze

refers to where someone is looking

Haptics

Touching through communication

Appearance

the way that someone or something looks

Artifacts

used to communicate nonverbally

such as selecting your avatar online to

represent your identity.

Sender

initiates the communication process

Message

core content of the

communication, consisting of emotions,

information or ideas

Receiver

an individual who receives or

interprets the message

Channel

or the way the

message is delivered.

Feedback

switching of roles and it is when

we gauge the reaction

Noise

to only disruptions or barriers

in the communication process and it can

cause a conflict.

sender, message, receiver, feedback, and noise

Aristotle Model

Focused on public speaking than interpersonal communication

Laswell's Model

Who says what to whom with what effect?

Shannon and Weaver Model

Mother of all communication models

Schramm's Model

Both the sender and receiver take turns in exchanging information

SMCR model

A communication model that identifies the Source, Message, Channel, and Receiver.

Wood's Model

Depicts communication as a continually changing process.

Linear Communication

one way and no feedback

Interactive Communication

-Schramms' is the only interactive model

-Both receiver and sender play the same role

Transactional Communication

-Wood's is the only interactive model

-The roles reverse or change