4.7c - Motivation: Hunger Motivation

hunger pangs correspond to stomach contractions

Appetite increasing and appetite decreasing

⬆ghrelin _{^{(empty stomach)}}, orexin _{^{(hypothalamus)}}

⬇leptin _{^{(fat cells)}}, PYY _{^{(digestive tract)}}

glucose

form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger

set point

point at which the ‘weight thermostat’ may be set (normal weight). When the body falls below this weight, increased hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may combine to restore lost weight

basal metabolic rate

the rate your body burns calories at rest to maintain life-sustaining functions _{^{(breathing, heartbeat, organ function)}}

_{^{textbook: the body’s resting rate of energy output}}

obesity

BMI 30 or higher, calculated from our weight-to-height ratio _{^{(overweight = BMI 25 or higher)}}