Bio 1406 Final Lecture Exam notes- Collin College

Codon

The set of three nitrogenous bases that represent an amino acid is called a _____________

codominance

In the blood type AB, both A and B genes are expressed equally in the individuals, so it is a good example of _________________ dominance

TAAGCGATTGGTC

if a strand of DNA has the sequence of ATTCGCTAACCAG , the RNA strand transcribed from this sentence is : ________________

Hydrolysis

____________________ means "breaking using water"

ATP, CO2, H2O

The final products of cellular respiration are __________ and _____________

stroma

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the ____________ of the chloroplast

Interphase

The G1 , S , and G2 phases of the cell cycle are together referred to as ___________________

100, less

A solution of pH 7 has ______________ times ________________ (more/less) hydrogen ion concentration than pH 5

Glycogen, cellulose

The four types of polysaccharides found in nature are starch , chitin , ____________ , and ______________

exothermic

A reaction in which energy is released is called a(n) ______________ reaction

c

Which of the following statements are true?

a) Crossing over means crossing of two individual differing in one trait.

b) Enzymes come under the class of lipids.

c) UAG , UGA , and UAA are stop codons.

d) Hydrogen bonds are formed between two hydrogen atoms.

10 mg/ml?

In the laboratory, a student prepares a solution of 20 mg/ml maltose plus 20mg/ml of the enzyme lactase to observe the rate of reaction. How much glucose may have been produced in the tube?

c

Which of the following is in the correct hierarchical order?

a) carbon, blood cell, rabbit, nervous system.

b) rabbit, nervous system, blood cell, lipids, carbon.

c) carbon, lipids, blood cell, nervous system, rabbit.

d) lipids, blood cell, carbon, nervous system, rabbit.

glycosidic bond

What kind of bond is formed between two monosaccharides?

23

If a zygote (formed after sperm fertilizes egg) has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the somatic cell formed from it after meiosis have?

Somatic

Body cells; divide by meiosis

Enantiomers

having same chemical formula but mirror image structures of each other.

Cytoskeleton

Structure supporting and giving shape to the cell

Denaturation

Unravelling/ deactivation of an enzyme or protein

smooth ER

Responsible for synthesizing phospholipids

active site

Location on an enzyme allowing substrate binding

Hypertonic

solution having lower concentration of water than the cell

Vesicles

small, pinched off parts of membranes that transport molecules from place to place

Anticodon

Sequence of 3 nucleotides on tRNA complementary to mRNA

NADPH

Electron carrier in photosynthesis process

Mendel's 1st Law of Segregation

Mendel's monohybrid cross experiment shows that alleles for the same trait separate during gamete formation according to the law of __________

Primase enzyme

This enzyme forms a new DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the template nd can only work in a 5' to 3' direction - _____________________

Denaturation

_________________ means unravelling or deactivation of a protein or enzyme by applying heat.

plasma membrane

'Fluid mosaic model' refers to the molecules and structures that make up the __________________ of the cell

G1

The cell prepares for cell division by growing in size and doubling everything except DNA during the ___________ phase of interphase.

Smooth ER

While most other cell organelles are focused on making proteins, the _______________________ mainly synthesizes other biomolecules like lipids and hormones.

D

Which is the nitrogenous base that is present in the ATP molecule?

a) arginine

b) aspartic acid

c) alanine

d) adenine

3

The pH of black coffee is about 5. the hydrogen ion concertation of beer is about one hundred times greater than that of coffee. What is the pH of beer?

A

Which of the following statements is false?

a) order is one of the 7 characteristics of life.

b) RuBP is one of the intermediates formed during fermentation.

c) cells are the structural and functional units of life.

d) 4 sperms are formed for every 1 egg cell formed during meiosis from a germ line cell.

C

Which of the following is correct?

a) gene, protein, mRNA

b) gene, MRNA, protein

c) protein, gene, mRNA

d) gene, DNA, protein

Pyruvate

End product of glycolysis pathway

Phagocytosis

Engulfing of solid particles into the cell

Anticodon

Set of three bases on a tRNA

Hypertonic

Solution having less water, more solute than a cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

anchors the ribosomes and pinches out to form vesicles to transport polypeptides.

phosphodiester bond

Type of bond between two nucleotides.

synapsis

where homologous chromosomes cross over.

NADPH

electron carrier in photosynthesis process.

Topoisomerase

keeps DNA strands relaxed, unwound

25%, 50%, 100%

Albinism is a condition caused due to a recessive gene (depicted as 'n'). A man and woman plan to marry and wish to know the probability of their having any albino children. What is probability of albino children if:

A. Both the man and woman are heterozygous _________________.

B. The man is an albino, the woman is heterozygous _________________.

C. The woman and man are both albino __________________ .

Hh and Hh

If neither of the parents are albino, and 50% of their children are homozygous and 50% of their children are heterozygous, what are the genotypes of the two parents then?___________________ and ________________ .

Ribosomes

The ____________________ is an organelle that receives and modifies polypeptides into their final products.

Cellulose

A polysaccharide called ________________________makes up the plant cell wall.

amino acids

Proteins are made up of monomers called ___________________________ .

Vacuole

The organelle responsible for storing large amounts of water in a plant cell: ____________ .

T, F, F, F

True/ False: Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells.

True/ False : Adenine binds with Guanine by 3 hydrogen bonds.

True/ False : The smooth ER helps to synthesize proteins in a cell.

True/ False : Bacteria have membrane-bound organelles.

Hydrolysis

_______________ means breaking down using water. It is the opposite of dehydration.

12

A molecule of glucose contains ________ number of hydrogen molecules.

tRNA

A ____________ is a short strand of RNA which helps DNA polymerase in synthesizing new DNA from a template strand.

H2O, CO2

The final products of cellular respiration are ___________ , ____________ and ATP.

facilitated transport

_____________________ is a type of passive transport where molecules move across the plasma membrane with the help of membrane proteins.

Flagellum

The tail-like appendage found on some bacteria and sperm cells: ________________.

Ionic

Donating or accepting of electrons between two atoms results in the formation of a _______________ bond.

Nitrogen, Protein, Golgi bodies, Kidney Cells, Kidney Tissues, Kidney, Cat

Arrange based on lowest to highest in life's hierarchy:

Excretory system -Cat -proteins -nitrogen -kidney -Golgi bodies -kidney tissue -kidney cells

glycosidic bond

What kind of bond is formed between two monosaccharides?

a) Glucose bond

b) Peptide bond

c) Disaccharide bond

d) Glyosidic bond

b

If a zygote(formed after sperm fertilizes egg)has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the somatic cells formed from it have?

a) 22

b) 23

c) 46

d) 92

23

Haploid number of chromosomes

Hydrophobic

Water hating/repelling

Exocytosis

Expelling solid contents of the cell outside

isomers

Having same chemical formulas but different structural arrangement of elements

ATP synthase

Enzyme involved in synthesizing ATP in the electron transport chain

Ligase

Enzyme that glues together fragments of DNA into one whole strand

tRNA

A ____________ is a short strand of RNA which helps DNA polymerase in synthesizing new DNA from a template strand.

B

What kind of bond is formed between two nucleotides?

a) Phosphate bond

b) phosphodiester bond

c) Dinucleotide bond

d) A-T bond

ribosomes

Organelle responsible for modification of polypeptide chains- ___________________