module 11

Object (Luncheon in Fur) by Meret Oppenheim

A good example of a Surrealist poetic object is_________________________________________________.

the Louvre in Paris.

The first national art museum opened in 1793. This museum, still in operation today, is ____________________.

Surrealism

Which art movement was directly influenced by Sigmund Freud’s theories of the unconscious?

scenes of leisure involving the middle class.

In their paintings, the Impressionists often focused on:

Romantic

Eugène Delacroix was a leading practitioner of the_______________________ style.

the Industrial Revolution

A major influence upon European culture of the 19th century, one that gave rise to an expanding middle class, was the ________________________ __________________.

simplify painting

Henri Matisse was told by Gustave Moreau, his teacher at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, “You were born to ________.”

Impressionist

The manufacture of oil paint in tubes made it possible for 19th-century European artists to make painting a portable activity. The spontaneity and directness of painting outdoors is evident in works by ________ artists.

e.

Which of the following is an American artist?
a. Henry Ossawa Tanner
b. Thomas Eakins
c. Mary Cassatt
d. George Caleb Bingham
e. All these answers are correct.

ready-mades

Marcel Duchamp created a new art form in which the artist makes nothing, but merely labels an object as art. He called this art form________________________.

A critic used the term to describe the movement after seeing the painting Impression: Sunrise, and it caught on.

How did Impressionism get its name?

Cubism

Paul Cézanne’s emphasis on structure in painting was a direct influence in the development of_________________________.

c. drama, unbridled emotions, and complex compositions.

Romantic art stresses
a. themes of flirtation, courtship, and marriage.
b. ancient Roman ideals of proportion and harmony.
c. drama, unbridled emotions, and complex compositions.
d. clarity, stability, and precision.
e. All these answers are correct.

mistook an upside-down painting of his for an unfamiliar work of spectacular beauty.

Vasili Kandinsky became convinced that art should be free of representational subject matter when he

Gustave Courbet

Which of the following artists was a Realist?
a. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
b. Eugène Delacroix
c. Gustave Courbet
d. Jacques-Louis David
e. All these answers are correct.

a neutral term describing the varied directions of a few artists who both accepted and rejected some of the aims of Impressionism.

The term Post-Impressionism refers to:

Renaissance works of art

Edouard Manet “borrowed” the composition of his painting Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass) from:

Georges Seurat

Pointillism is a technique developed by who?

d.

If Fauvism’s mission was to liberate color from its descriptive role, Cubism’s initial aim was
a. to reduce the role of color to a minimum.
b. to invent a new system for depicting form and space on a flat
surface.
c. to find a way of representing the fact that human perception
involves multiple viewpoints.
d. all of these: to reduce the role of color to a minimum; to invent
a new system for depicting form and space on a flat surface;
and to find a way of representing the fact that human
perception involves multiple viewpoints.
e. None of these answers are correct.

Realism

The first art movement to be born in the 19th century was ___________, which arose as a reaction against Neoclassicism and Romanticism.
a. Realism
b. Impressionism
c. Pointillism
d. Fauvism
e. Expressionism

Constructivism

After the Russian Revolution of 1917 many artists believed that only the most revolutionary art could bring about a new movement, which was called _______________.

Breuer

_____________, who designed a famous armchair, was a student of the Bauhaus school of design in Germany.

c. was a convenient way to lump together the Abstract Expressionists

The term New York School refers to a postwar art movement that
a. developed from graduates of the New York School.
b. went mostly unnoticed by the rest of the world outside of New
York.
c. was a convenient way to lump together the Abstract
Expressionists.
d. completely rejected the ideas of Surrealism.
e. quickly moved from New York to Paris.

land art

Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty is an example of :

architecture

The term postmodern was first used in reference to a certain style in ________________.

seen as shocking and brutal

The Women series of paintings by Willem de Kooning caused a stir in the art world. They were _________________________.

bring attention to gender inequalities in the art world

The Guerrilla Girls use posters and on-site appearances to bring attention to __________inequalities in the art world.

Louise Bourgeois

Painting is the primary medium used by all of the following artists EXCEPT
a. Helen Frankenthaler.
b. Alice Neel.
c. Mark Rothko.
d. Jackson Pollock.
e. Louise Bourgeois.

d.

Jasper Johns chose familiar images for his subject matter so that he could then concentrate on all of the following EXCEPT
a. the relationship between image and object.
b. the ability to reproduce an image.
c. the impact of symbols.
d. the psychological use of color.
e. paradoxes.

b. can take many directions at the same time, all of them equally valid.

One of the ideas behind Postmodernism is pluralism, which proposes that art
a. historically follows an obvious progression and advocates a
dominant direction.
b. can take many directions at the same time, all of them equally
valid.
c. should be based on the advancement of formal discoveries.
d. should focus on the future and leave the past behind.
e. None of these answers is correct.

traced the actions of the painter

The term action painting refers to the fact that this new type of painting did what?

physical object

Minimalism, a trend that coexisted with Pop, emphasized a continuation of the exploration of nonrepresentation and the idea that a painting or sculpture is primarily a _______________ ______________.

a movement in painting that explores the way a camera “sees.”

Photorealism refers to

attempting to eliminate the art object

Early Conceptualists reacted to the burgeoning art market by doing what?

began as a graffiti artist.

Artist Jean-Michel Basquiat

three ways of documenting an idea

In Joseph Kosuth’s One and Three Chairs, the viewer is presented with what?

dealt directly with the trauma of Germany’s past.

Anselm Kiefer was one of the most prominent Neo-Expressionists. His work

Robert Rauschenberg

A Neo-Dada artist who made art from “found” materials and images and named his new art form “combine paintings” is ___________________.

that art was most like life itself.

Allan Kaprow took art in a new direction with “happenings.” His primary claim was

unstable, communal

Appropriation contends that the meaning of a work of art is ______________________ and _______________________.

creates an environment for the viewer to enter and experience.

A new art form known as “installation”

Postmodernism

The artistic recycling of existing images is an aspect of __________________.

Laurie Anderson

One of the names most closely associated with Performance art is ___________, who is known for the multimedia work Stories from the Nerve Bible.

comic book

Roy Lichtenstein often based his imagery on the _____________________