School of psychs

Psychology

The scientific study of the mind and it’s functions

Philosophy

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge

Schools of Thought/Psychology

The fields of study in psychology that focuses on studying specific nature of the mind

What is the first school of thought

Structuralism

Who is the proponent of structuralism

Wihelm Wundt

Structuralism

The school of thought focused on studying the structure of the mind

The mind

the totality of an individual including the individual’s experience from birth to adulthood.

Method of study used in structuralism and functionalism

Introspection

Introspection

This refers to analysing and making sense of ones internal experiences as they occur.

Problems with structuralism

It was not objective and therefore not scientific

Functionalism

the school of thought focused on studying the functions of the mind

Proponent of Functionalism

William James

What did James William mean by functions of the mind

1. how the elements of the mind work together

2. how mental processes promote adaptation

Meaning of Gestalt

A German word which means form, pattern or whole.

The Gestalt school of thought emerged to oppose structuralism

True

Slogan of Gestalt school of thought

the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Proponents of the Gestalt school of thought

Max Wertheimer and Wolfgang Kohler

Figure-Ground Principle

This principle refers to the ability to distinguish between the focal point of our visual field and the background.

Phi Phenomenon

The illusion of motion created by the rapid succession of still images

Proximity

The principle that refers to we perceiving things that are close as being part of a group.

Proponent of the Psychodynamic School

Sigmund Freud

What did Sigmund Freud compare the mind to

An iceberg

What did Sigmund Freud believe about the mind

1. Consciousness is only a small part of the mind

2. unconsciousness is the bigger part of the mind and it’s hidden

Aspects of the unconscious part of the mind

Id, Ego and Super-ego

Method used in psychodynamic school of thought

Psychoanalysis

Principle the Id operate on

Pleasure principle

The Id

The aspect of the subconscious mind that satisfies basic urges, needs and desires

When does the Id develop

At the initial stages of life

Principle the ego operates on

Reality principle

Function of the Ego

it mediates between the unrealistic Id and the external real world.

The Ego does not work with…

…right or wrong

When does the super ego develop

around the age of 3 to 5

Principle of the super ego operates on

Morality principle

Function of the super Ego

It seeks to control desires based on social norms and values.

Based on psychoanalysis a person’s personality is defined by..

…which aspect of the mind dominates.

Behaviourism

the school of thought focused on the behaviour of individuals

Proponent of behaviourism

John B. Watson

Principles of Behaviourism

1. Behaviour is deterministic

2. Behaviour is observable

3. Behaviour is controllable

Humanistic school of thought

This school of thought focused on humans as being free agents and capable of making their own choices.

Proponent of Humanistic school of thought

Carl Rogers