Studied by 14 people
Cell Cycle
series of events in which a cell grows, lives, and replicates
Differentiated Cells
Cells with jobs, specialized characteristics (ex. skin cells, heart cells, brain cells)
Stem Cells
found in bone marrow, immature cells, not yet differentiated
Cytokinesis
The physical process of cell division, cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells
Mitosis
Cell division, results in two identical daughter cells, 5 phases (interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
Interphase
most of the cells life
G1 (gap 1) Phase
Cell grows
S (synthesis) Phase
DNA and Centrisomes are replicated (interphase)
G2 (gap 2) Phase
Final phase
Apoptosis
cell suicide
Prophase
nuclear membrane disintegrates
Prometaphase
The second stage of mitosis
Metaphase
the doubled chromosomes
Anaphase
chromosomes split in half and move to opposite sides of the cell; the cell membrane begins to pinch at the center
Telophase
cell membrane finished constricting
Gene
Section of DNA
Histone
Protein that DNA is coiled around for packaging
Nucleosome
histone-DNA complex
Chromosome
Many nucleosomes wrapped together
Autosomes
Chromosomes 1-22 (human)
Sex Chromosomes
chromosome 23
Centromere
band that attaches the sister chromatids together
Kinetochore
a complex of proteins associated with the centromere of a chromosome during cell division
Diploid Cell
A cell containing two sets of chromosomes
Haploid Cell
A cell containing only one set of chromosomes
Phosphorylation
the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule
Cyclin Dependent Kinase
regulates the cell cycle by phosphorylating the proteins that trigger cell reproduction
Angiogenesis
formation of new blood vessels
Metastasis
the spread of cancer cells beyond their original part of the body
Contact Inhibition
the process that stops healthy cells from dividing when there is not an open space
Cancer Cells
Cells with mutations in the genes that control the cell cycle
Note 
Flashcard (175)