FST 10 Midterm 1

first stage in the Food Timeline

hunter gatherer

second stage in the Food Timeline

agricultural revolution

third stage in the Food Timeline

industrial revolution

nomadic societies, no food storage, local availability of food (diet specialization), plant-based diets, and primitive tools

Neanderthals (cavemen)

How did man evolve beyond other species?

fire, communication

Fire led to the evolution of man, _________, and evolution of _____ _________.

migration, homo erectus

Fire led to cooking, which contributed to the evolution of Homo erectus because of: smaller _______ and guts, increased energy availability: larger _____ and bodies, and the ability to exploit new _________.

teeth, brains, habitats

fire, primitive tools, forms of communication <8000 BC

hunter gatherer

domestication of animals, permanent settlements, crop cultivation, expansion of farming tactics and tools, rise and development of civilization 8000 BC - ~1800 AD

agricultural revolution

The hunter gatherer and agricultural revolution stages both had _____ population.

low

These two stages in the Food Timeline helped create a stable food supply: a__________ and ____________ revolution.

agricultural, industrial

Disadvantages of the Agricultural Revolution consisted of: land fertility issues from _________, _________ disposal issues, and infectious _________ spreading easily.

overuse, waste, diseases

During the Agricultural Revolution, the population _________ due to __________.

declined, disease

urbanization, railroads, refrigeration, discovery of penicillin, food science and technology, nutrition ~1800 AD - present day

industrial revolution

The Industrial Revolution led to a population _______.

boom

The Industrial Revolution occurred before the Agricultural Revolution and was responsible for the large manufacturing industries we see today. (True/False)

false

Which of the following characteristics best describes the Neanderthal man?
A. nomadic society
B. hunter gatherer that spent time scavenging and foraging for food
C. stored food for tough times
D. developed sophisticated equipment
E. A and B
F. B and C

E

Austrolopithecus to _______ ______ due to the increased consumption of meat.

homo erectus

Harnessing fire and the introduction of cooking allowed cooked foods to taste better. (True/False)

true

Eating raw food required more time and effort to breakdown foods, so after eating cooked foods, the man developed smaller guts because it took ______ time and effort.

less

Which of the following best supports the idea that cooking is responsible for the evolution of Homo erectus?
A. decrease in brain size
B. building of structures like the pyramids
C. smaller guts and teeth
D. domestication of animals
E. large industry development

C

What is the main goal of the Agricultural and Industrial revolutions?
A. create peace and harmony
B. create large and efficient food manufacturing plants
C. create a stable food supply
D. create a large population
E. none of the above

C

After the development of agriculture, the development of civilization followed. (True/False)

true

The following event was instrumental in the sudden increase in population of the World: the discovery of __________.

penicillin

What were the disadvantages of the Agricultural Revolution?
A. infectious diseases spread easily
B. waste disposable issues
C. land fertility issues from overuse
D. all of the above

D

The four different aspects of food: physiologically, chemically, culturally, and:

ideally

Physiologically food is __________ and ________.

nutrition, satiety

The aspects of food physiologically: nutrition are body ______, ________, and energy.

mass, metabolism

nutrition fuels this

metabolism

nutrients required in large quantities

macronutrients

protein, carbohydrates, fats and lipids as nutrients

macronutrients

nutrients required in small quantities

micronutrients

vitamins and minerals as nutrients

micronutrients

Food physiologically is satiety, which is __________ and t_______.

hunger, thirst

Food is chemically mostly ________.

water

the sum of all chemical rxns that occur in living organisms

metabolism

in metabolism, organic cmpds broken down to provide heat and energy in this process

catabolism

macromolecules, vitamins and minerals, coloring agents and pigments, taste, odor, flavor, and aroma compounds (what aspect of food is this)

chemically

Foods are chemically water and ___________.

macromolecules

this is the only factor that does not change nutritional value and is required in photosynthesis

chlorophyll

food is culturally ancient beliefs about relationships between food and health

cultural statement

food is culturally a national dish or expression of heritage

ethnic/national statement

food culturally in Judaism, Islam, Orthodox Christianity

religious statement

food is culturally weddings, funerals, birthdays, births, rites of passage, etc.

celebration

western world theory, food affects four humors and believed to control a person’s temperament

humoral theory

The humoral theory is related to fire, earth and _________.

water

There are four humors: blood, __________, yellow and ________ bile.

phlegm, black

eastern world beliefs, opposite of contrary forces that are complementary or interconnected, believed food to be medicine and the balance of “cool cold”, “neutral”, and “warm hot” foods

yin and yang

the shady side of the mountain (the black part), dark, wet, cool, feminine, fruits, leafy veggies, water plants

yin

sunny side of the mountain (the white part), light, dry, warm, masculine, red meats, root veggies, spices

yang

Fruits, leafy veggies, and water plants are related to _____ while red meats, root veggies, and spices are related to ________.

yin, yang

Yin and Yang are beliefs based on _____________ and not ______________!

energetics, temperature

nshima, beans, eggplant and greens

zambia

sushi

japan

moussaka

greece

haggis

scotland

peking duck

china

wiener schnitzel

austria

poutine

canada

tacos

mexico

food as a religious statement, belief that food influences spiritual well-being, dictated by deity

holy scriptures

In China, what is the first thing that is checked when people get sick? _________ What is the first action 90% of the time taken? __________

food, diet

In China, food keeps body in ___________ and free of disease.

balance

moistening and cooling for the body (yin/yang)

yin

warming and dying for the body (yin/yang)

yang

bitter foods

heart

sour foods

liver

spicy foods

lung

salty foods

kidney

sweet foods

spleen

In Judaism, food can either be _______ (proper, okay to eat) or ________.

kosher, treif

proper and ok to eat

kosher

not kosher foods

treif

These labels determine __________ foods.

kosher

Kosher foods do not need to be ___________.

blessed

What animals are allowed?
Ruminants (cow, sheep, goat, deer, etc.), domestic birds, fish with finds and removeable scales. (Y/N)
Pork, rabbits, shellfish, birds of prey, scavenger birds, blood (Y/N)

Y, N

Are pigs and rabbits kosher? (Y/N)

N

Is blood kosher? (Y/N)

N

separation of dairy and meat

parve

Are cheeseburgers kosher? (Y/N)

N

Grains are prohibited at __________ and are not kosher.

passover

In Islam, food can be ___________ (lawful, okay to eat) or __________ (prohibited).

halal, haram

the belief that food influences your spiritual well-being, “you are what you eat”

halal

Halal laws have prohibition of specific animals, especially:

pork

prohibition of specific animals, drugs and intoxicants, and blood

halal

______________ is prohibited in Halal laws, including natural vanilla extract.

alcohol

In Halal laws, all meats must be _______________ while slaughtered.

blessed

Drying, fermentation, salting and curing, smoking are examples of food _________________.

preservation

all food is clean, fasting

orthodox christianity

In Orthodox Christianity, people are required to strictly fast ____ days before ____________.

40, easter

In Orthodox Christianity, people fast __________ and Friday.

wednesday

Expensive food is culturally a _______ symbol.

status

Food is culturally a statement of social awareness or values. Some such as the _________ method (organic, USDA) and ______ (vegetarian)

farming, diet

nutritious, wholesome, safe, appealing, stable, convenient, sufficient, affordable and available, appropriate (food aspect)

ideally

Food is ideally __________; gluttony, wasteful vs. moderation, respect.

appropriate

To be kosher, food must be blessed by a rabbi. (T/F)

F

To be halal, meat must be blessed. (T/F)

T

Which of the following is kosher?
cheeseburger, shellfish, venison (deer meat), blood pudding

venison

Which of the following is halal?
pork, bread, alcohol, blood pudding

bread

What is an example of celebration-specific food?
rice, apple, turkey

turkey