Psychology Unit 1 Module 2

Nature-Nurture issue

Nature-Nurture issue

What is psychology’s biggest issue?

Behavioral (approach to) psychology

How we learn observable reactions

Ex: External stimuli triggering a response

Biological (approach to) psychology

How genes and experiences influence individual differences

Links biology with psychological processes

Cognitive (approach to) psychology

How we process, store, and receive information and how those situations influence our feelings and thought processes

Evolutionary (approach to) psychology

How natural selection promoted the survival of genes

Why do we have these processes?

Humanistic perspective

How we meet our needs for love, acceptance, and self fulfillment

Self growth / reaching full potential

Psychodynamic (approach to) psychology

How behavior is affected by subconscious needs and struggles (such as a rough background or childhood)

Social-Cultural (approach to) psychology

How behavior and thinking differs between cultures and situations

Biopsychosocial approach

Considers biological, psychological (ex: learned fears and expectations, emotional responses, and cognitive processing and perception), and Social-Culture’s influences on thought and behavior

Psychometrics

Study of the measurement of human ability, attitude, and traits

Basic research

Pure science that tries to increase scientific knowledge

Applied research

Scientific study that attempts to solve a practical problem

Developmental psychology / domain

Changing abilities from the wombs

Physical, cognitive, and social changes throughout lifespan

Educational psychology / domain

Influences on teaching and learning

Personality psychology / domain

Study of people’s individual Persistent traits (characteristic patterns of thought, feeling, and action)

Social psychology / domain

How we think about, relate, and influence one another

How we view and effect each other

Industrial - Organizational psychology / domain

Application of psychological concepts and methods to optimize human behaviors in the workplace

Human factors psychology / domain

finds how machines and physical environments can be safe and easy for human use

Counseling psychology / domain

helps people through personal problems so they can achieve greater well-being

Clinical psychology / domain

Studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological issues

Positive psychology / domain

aims to discover and promote positive strengths and virtues in order to help humanity thrive

Community psychology / domain

How people interact and are affected by social environments and social institutions

Psychiatrists medical doctors who are licenced to provide psychotherapy, prescribe drugs, and treat physical causes of psychological disorders

Psychiatrists vs. psychologists