History SE (THE REAL ONE)

Mary Tudor

known as "Bloody Mary"

Nimrod

builder of the first world empire

Babur

established Mogual empire in India

Michelangelo

painted the Sistine Chapel

King Tut

Egyptian pharaoh who died at a young age

Muhammad

founded Islam

Pedro Cabral

discovered Brazil

Hernando Cortez

conquered the Aztecs

parthenon

famous greek temple

Perciles

famous Greek statesmen of ancient Athens

John Wycliffe

"Morning Star of the Reformation"

Rome

won the Punic Wars

Hannibal

led war elephants against Rome

Nero

first Roman emperor to persecute Christians

Miguel de Cervantes

wrote Don Quixote

Homer

Greek poet, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey

Chou

china's longest ruling dynasty

Hatsepshut

first female ruler In egypt and in general, still tried to dress like a dude, most images of her were destroyed by her Son

Gregory 1

first medieval pope

Erasmus

translated first printed edition of the New Testament in the original Greek

1588

Spanish Armada

Nile River

considered the longest river in the world

Charlemagne

frankish king crowned "Emperor of the Romans" on Christmas day, AD 800

October 31, 1517

date Protestant Reformation began

King John

english king who signed Magna Carta

Pyramids

best symbolizes the Egyptian conception of state and society

Great Rift Valley

largest rift in Earth's surface

Japan

names its warriors or knights as a samurai

Taj Mahal

built as a tomb for a Mogul ruler's wife

Buddhism

false religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama

Hinduism

Indian religion that believes in reincarnation

China

world's oldest living civilization

Third Crusade

Crusade of Kings

First Crusade

only successful crusade; conquered Jerusalem for Catholicism

Prague

Germany's oldest university

King Henry VIII

english monarch that began the English reformation

Johann Eck

debated Martin Luther

Alexander the Great

Greek conqueror who spread Hellenic culture throughout lands he conquered

Cyrus the Great

established Persian Empire

Sparta

won Peloponnesian War

Darius I

established world's first postal service

Jesus's birth

focal point of human history

Champollion

deciphered Rosetta stone

Gupta

dynasty that ruled during India’s golden age

Great Silk Road

linked china with the roman world

Prince Shotoku

founded japanese civilization

Pax Roma

200 year period of peace and prosperity in Rome

Friars

monks that preach and do missionary work

Dante

wrote Divine Comedy

Black Death

deadly plague that swept through Europe in 1346-1352

National Assembly

aka. Estates General; group that declared itself official representative of people of France

Ponce de Leon

discovered Florida

Fief

estate of land under feudal service

Cuneiform

Sumerians greatest contribution to civilization

Augsburg Confession

first Protestant confession of faith

Hugenots

French Protestants

Scholasticism

Combining Greek philosophy with Romanism

Patricians

wealthy and powerful aristocrats

Inquisition

court with power to inquire about and judge heresy

Democracy

ruled by the people

Monarchy

ruled by king or queen

Ogliarchy

ruled by one

Tyranny

ruled by one who seized power

Heraldry

identification for noble families

Theocracy

ruled by god

Indulgences

certificates sold by the pope that excused ones penances

Doomsday Book

results of concensus

Peace of Westphalia

the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648

Culture

beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people

Shinto

oldest surviving religion; Japan's original religion

Reconquista

the retaking of Spain by the Moors

Postdiluvian

after-flood

Catacombs

vast galleries beneath Rome where Christians fled persecution

Gladiator

prisoners of war, slaves, or criminals forced to fight in public shows

Pedagogue

well-educated slave who taught children

Caste System

strict division of social classes

Decalogue

Ten Commandments

Humanism

worship of man

Patriarchs

founding fathers of Israel

Petrine Theory

idea that Peter founded the Church of Rome

Johann Gutenberg

invented the printing press

Genghis Khan

made China the largest continental power in history; founded Mongol empire

Marco Polo

spent 20 years in service of Genghis Khan

William the Conqueror

invaded England from Normandy in 1066; established centralized monarchy

Hippocrates

Father of medicine

Constantine

Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith; edict of Milan

Achilles

invincible greek warrior

Julius Caesar

Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 B.C.

Ignatius Loyola

founder of the Jesuits

William Shakespeare

one of the greatest writers of all time; wrote Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth

Ur-Nammu

developed world's most ancient law code

John Foxe

wrote the Book of Martyrs

Vasco de Balboa

discovered Pacific Ocean

Ferdinand Magellan

first to circumnavigate the globe

Elizabeth I

Good Queen Bess

Edward VI

9 years old when he became king; Protestant regents ruled for him

William the Silent

Father of Dutch Liberties

Alfred the Great

first great king of England

Eleanor of Aquitaine

only queen to serve in that position in both France and England

Edward I

created the model parliament