Latin Grammar

How do adjectives decline?

They all agree in case, number and gender.

There are 2 types:

1. 2 PP, these decline like the 3rd declension

2. 3 PP, these decline like the 2-1-2 declensions

How to make an adjective comparative?

+ior

How to make an adjective superlative?

+erri

+isse

+illim

How to make an normal adverb from an adjective?

For 2 PP, +iter

For 3 PP, +e

How to make an comparative adverb from an adjective?

+ius

How to make an superlative adverb from an adjective?

+issime

How do present participles work?

They have -nt or -ns in them.

They decline like 3rd declension, however,

ablative sing. could be “i” or “e”,

and you replace all “-” with a “s”,

What is even more _____?

etiam + -ior

pluperfect subjunctive

isse + present

imperfect subjunctive

inf. + present

Indirect question

subj. + Q. Word

Indirect command

sunj. + trigger verb

perfect passive

PPP + sum decl.

pluperfect passive

PPP + eram decl.

imperfect passive

batur, bantur

future passive

bitur, buntur, etur, entur

PAP?

3rd PP of a deponent (looks like a PPP but it isn’t), it is always active having …

PPP?

having been …

introduces question

-ne

num in Q.

surely no?

nonne in Q.

surely yes?

good chain

bonus melior optimus

bad chain

malus peior pessimus

few/small chain

pauca/parvus minor minimus

much chain

multum pluris plurimi

big chain

magnus maior maximus

in + acc/abl diff.

abl: in, on

acc: into, onto

conditional

si: if

nisi: if … not

No preposition + acc

Motion towards

No preposition + locative

in / at

No preposition + abl

motion from

Ending for the locative?

Sing: Usually same as genitive

Plur: Usually same as dative