euro unit 1 northern renaissance

scholarly work created favorable conditions for

religious and educational reforms

culture was more

diverse social backgrounds/ devoted to religious reforms

combined humanism with Christianity

more human centered naturalism/ individuals and everyday life appropriate objects of artistic representation/ concerned with individuals and religion

education

wrote for general audience/ could convey educational ideas to laity and clerics

printing press gave power to

people who can now popularize viewpoints freely and widely which meant the church didn't have monopoly over texts

the printing press increased

literacy due to cheaper costs of paper and books

effects of the printing press

reduced catholic church control/ promoted nationalism due to spread of vernacular literature/ laity were less credulous and docile to the church

bad things the printing press started

religious and political propaganda/ kings indotrinated people/ clergy mass- produced indulgences and pamphlets.

Desiderius Erasmus

dutch educational and religious reformer/ prepared latin dialogues for students intended to teach them how to speak and live well

Colloquies

became anticlerical and satirical

adages

popular sayings from ancient and contemporary sources (humanism)

erasmus wanted to

unite ideals of humanity and civic virtue with christian ideas of love and peity

erasmus created a new

greek version of the new testament using ancient sources

praise of folly

anticlerical and satirical

erasmus works became basic tools of

reform in the hands of both protestant and catholic reformers

sir thomas more (friend of erasmus)

lawyer and friend of henry v111/ fell out over refusal to recognize the act of supremacy (placed king as head of english church) and marriage to anne boleyn

Thomas more wrote utopia

conservative criticism of contemporary society

art in the northern renaissance was different because

the focus was either daily life or religious life (reforming)/less nudes/ naturalist style/ sponsored by commercial elites/ new focus on individuals

Jan van Eyck

flemish painter/ emphasized naturalism and realism/ one of the 1st to use oil paints/ influential on dutch painters

hieronymus bosch

early dutch and surrealist artist/ famous for triptych altar pieces/ lots of little people sinning or being tormented by demons

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

"peasant scenes"- portrayed ordinary people and their lives/ naturalist/ follower of bosch but not as strange

Albrecht Durer

german painter and printmaker/ early woodcuts/series of self portriats (humanist inspiration)/ commissioned by commercial elites