Threats to Streams: Invasive Species - final exam terms

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to invasive species and their threats to streams and freshwater biodiversity.

Invasive Species

Species that are nonindigenous or non-native and can cause harm to natural communities.

Over-exploitation

The act of using resources, particularly biological resources, faster than they can be replenished.

Water Pollution

The contamination of water bodies by harmful substances.

Flow Modification

Changes to the natural flow of water bodies, often due to human activities.

Habitat Degradation

The process by which natural habitats are damaged, leading to a decline in capacity to sustain native species.

Ballast Water

Water used to stabilize ships, which can introduce non-native species when discharged.

Direct Additions of Biota

The introduction of species into ecosystems, which can be done intentionally or unintentionally.

Predictors of Invasion Success

Factors that determine the likelihood of a species invading a new environment, influenced by species traits and environmental conditions.

Dreissena polymorpha

Also known as the zebra mussel, a notable invasive species in U.S. streams, impacting local ecosystems.

Oncorhynchus mykiss

The scientific name for rainbow trout, which is a non-native species introduced in many areas.

Biological Control

The use of natural predators or pathogens to manage invasive species, which can sometimes backfire.

Aquatic Habitats

Ecosystems found in water bodies, including freshwater environments such as rivers and streams.

Alien Species

Species that are introduced to an area outside their native range.

Phytoplankton

Microscopic plants in aquatic environments, essential for the ecosystem, which can be impacted by invasive species.

Ecological Impacts

Consequences of species introductions that affect the balance and health of ecosystems.

Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

An invasive fish species originally native to Europe, now found in many U.S. waters.

Gambusia affinis

The western mosquitofish, often introduced for biological control, and can become invasive.

Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

An invasive species of fish, currently of less concern in the U.S.

Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

An invasive species currently of most concern due to its rapid spread and ecological impact.

Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)

Another serious invasive fish species known for its significant ecological threats.