Early Years of the American Revolution (1775-1783)

Who was the leader of the group, The Green Mountain Boys in Vermont? His occupation was a blacksmith.

Ethan Allen

Patriots from Connecticut ask Ethan Allen and The Green Mountain Boys to capture the British fort: ________ ____________.

Fort Ticonderoga

Fort Ticonderoga guarded ______ _________: the route to Canada.

Lake Champlain

On May 10, 1775, __________ _________ & Ethan Allen led the raid to capture Fort Ticonderoga

Benedict Arnold

After the British surrendered Fort Ticonderoga, the Patriots gained large quantities of cannons and ____________.

gunpowder

The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia (1775-1776) and the delegates sent King George III the ___________ ____________ Petition.

Olive Branch

With the Olive Branch Petition, the delegates declared their ___________ to Britain and asked King George III to repeal the Intolerable Acts.

loyalty

King George III refused to __________ the Intolerable Acts (asked by the delegates in the Olive Branch Petition).

repeal

At the Second Continental Congress, the delegates set up the __________ ___________.

Continental Army

Whom did the delegates at the Second Continental Congress name as the commander of the Continental Army?

George Washington

Which group of American colonists supported complete independence from Britain?

(also known as "Rebels)

Patriots

Which group of American colonists opposed (were against) independence from Britain?

(also known as "Royalists)

Loyalists

Which group of American colonists did not agree with either side (independence or no independence from Britain)? They simply believed in a peaceful resolution without having to choose a side.

(also known as "Undecideds" or "Fence-sitters")

Neutrals

The 1st major battle of the Revolutionary War was the Battle of _________ _________ (a.k.a. Breed's Hill).

Bunker Hill

The Battle of Bunker Hill actually occurred on ___________ ________ on June 17, 1775.

Breed's Hill

Overnight, American militiamen dug __________________ (barricades) on Breed's Hill, across from Boston. This shocked the British when they woke up. As a result, British warships open-fired on the Americans.

fortifications

General William ________ and his heavily armed troops charged up Breed's Hill.

Howe

During the Battle of Bunker Hill, the Patriots were short on ________.

gunpowder

Who said, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes"?

(Battle of Bunker Hill)

Colonel William Prescott

During the Battle of Bunker Hill, the Redcoats were __________ driven back by the American militia.

twice

After the third attempt (Battle of Bunker Hill), the Americans were finally overrun and had no choice but to _________ to the mainland since they ran out of gunpowder.

retreat

Who took Breed's Hill and "won" the battle?

the British

The Battle of Bunker Hill showed Britain that the war would not be an easy __________.

victory

Even though the British "won" the Battle of Bunker Hill, more British soldiers (1,000) were ___________ or wounded that day, compared to 441 American casualties.

killed

Continental Army

Disadvantage:

-no __________

navy

Continental Army

Disadvantage:

-The soldiers were _________

untrained

Continental Army

Disadvantage:

-few _____________ and little gunpowder

cannons

Continental Army

Advantage:

-The soldiers were fighting for their homes and ______________.

freedom

Continental Army

Advantage:

-Under the _____________ of George Washington.

leadership

Continental Army

Advantage:

-They had the eventual allies of the ____________, Spanish, the Dutch, and some free blacks and slaves

French

British Army

Advantage:

-They had highly trained & experienced _____________.

soldiers

British Army

Advantage:

-They had a plentiful (great) amount of weapons and ________.

supplies

British Army

Advantage:

-They had the most ____________ navy in the world.

powerful

British Army

Advantage:

-They had support from the ___________ and some slaves.

Indians

British Army

Advantage:

-Troops from Germany known as ______________, were hired to help fight the colonists: mercenaries

Hessians

British Army

Disadvantage:

-The war was fought __________ from home.

far

British Army

Disadvantage:

-The British soldiers had less reasons to fight __________ since it was fought far from home.

hard

British Army

Disadvantage:

-The British risked constant ___________ from the colonists.

attack

The Siege of Boston:

After the Battle of Lexington and Concord in April 1776, local militias cut off the city of ___________ and isolated the British from the surrounding towns.

The siege lasted for 11 months.

Boston

Who suggested to General Washington that a cannon could be used to drive the British from (away from) Boston?

Henry Knox

Over the winter of 1775-1776, Colonel Henry Knox carried 60 tons of __________ from Fort Ticonderoga to the Continental Army surrounding Boston.

artillery

On March 17, 1776, General Howe gave up the city of Boston and left with his troops to ___________.

Canada

Who was a statesman that signed all three (3) documents (The Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and The Treaty of Paris) that helped create the United States?

Ben Franklin

What is the title of Ben Franklin's almanac?

Poor Richard's Almanack

What is the name of the newspaper that Ben Franklin bought?

The Pennsylvania Gazette

Early in 1776, Thomas Paine published the pamphlet, "_______________ _______________"

Common Sense

"Common Sense" persuaded thousands of colonists to ___________ independence.

According to Paine, independence was the key to a brighter future.

support

Who said, " Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state, an intolerable one?"

Thomas Paine

Who proposed in June 1776 to the Continental Congress that a Declaration of Independence needed to be written? He was from Virginia.

Richard Henry Lee

On July 4, 1776, the delegates accepted which famous document?

It was written by Thomas Jefferson (with the help of Ben Franklin and John Adams).

The Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence has _________ main parts.

four

In the _____________ (Introduction) of the Declaration of Independence, the delegates explain why the Continental Congress drew up (wrote) the Declaration.

Preamble

In the second part of the Declaration of Independence, all people have _________ _________.

natural rights

In the third part of the Declaration of Independence, the delegates list the _____________ (complaints) against Great Britain/King George III and how the colonists were treated badly.

grievances

In the fourth part of the Declaration of Independence, the colonies were now an _____________ country known as the United States of America.

independent

When the Patriots learned that the British troops intended to invade New York, they decided to force capture ___________.

Montreal

Who lead the failed American attack in Quebec?

Benedict Arnold

British General Thomas Gage marched to Concord, MA to seize a large supply of __________ stored by the minutemen.

arms

Messengers including ___________, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott rode to Lexington and Concord to warn Samuel Adams, John Hancock, and other colonists that the British were on the way.

Paul Revere

On the way to Concord, a brief battle ensued in __________ and eight (8) colonists were killed.

Lexington

In ___________, British General Gage found no weapons. However, waiting minutemen killed 73 British soldiers and wounded 200 on the way back to Boston.

Concord

The famous phrase, " The Shot Heard 'Round the World!" indicates the __________ of the American Revolution with the battles of Lexington and Concord [April 19, 1775].

start

The Battles of Lexington and Concord took a toll on __________ sides for the British and the American colonists. Soldiers from both sides were either killed, wounded, or went missing.

both

Even though the colonists lost many minutemen at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the battles were considered a military __________ for the colonists.

victory

The Battles of Lexington and Concord proved to the British and King George III that unjust behavior __________ be tolerated in America.

would not