Henry VII- Foreign Policy

Basic outline- events with France/Brittany

• 1483- Charles VIII king- largest army, good finances, big pop.- most powerful, trying to get more duchies

• Henry owes both- exiled in Brittany, supported by France- Duke Francis II

• 1489- Treaty of Redon

• 1492- Treaty of Etaples

Terms + reasons- Treaty of Redon

REASONS

• Duty to Brittany, fear of influence of French control on England

• Strengthening relationship between the two

TERMS

• Duchess Anne would pay for small English army defending Brittany from France

• Coincided with attempted alliance with maximilian who had a marriage-by-proxy with Anne

Treaty of Redon- success or failure?

FAILURE

• Anne thougt resistance to French futile- reluctantly married Charles 8

• English army marooned, Maximilian lost interest

• Perkin Warbeck seeking French backing

• Immediate setback in first foreign policy

Treaty of Etaples- Reasons and Terms

REASONS

• 1492 launched invasion of France- French quickly sought peace- agents informed H7 that Charles more interested in invading Italy

TERMS

• Charles VIII remove support for PW

• Pay pension to Henry for expense of army for invasion

Etaples- success or failure?

SUCCESS

• Tactical intelligence of invasion for English financial benefit

• Weakening the power of domestic threats

• Strengthening domestic + dynastic position

• Improving relations with a long-term hostile power

Brittany/France- success or failure?

Burgundy- outline

• Trading centre- good relations required for most English exports

• Maximilian- HRE, passed Burgundy jurisdiction to Philip 1494

• Margaret of Burgundy- HATED H7- R3 sister

• Maximilian + Philip showed PW hospitality- strained relationship

Burgundy- key events

• 1489- Treaty of Dordrecht

• 1493- Trade embargo

• 1496- Intercursus Magnus

• 1504- Intercursus Malus

Treaty of Dordrecht- terms

• 1489- defensive alliance for Brittany against France

• Henry sends 3,000 troops to support Maximilian's army

Dordrecht- success or failure?

FAILURE

• risk- Burgundy a

Trade embargo- details, success/failure

• Risk- Burgundy central to English trade

• Stand against support for PW

• conflicting securing of dynasty and encouraging trade

• Sacrificing commercial interests- decreased popularity in London/east coast

• long term success, domestic suffering

Intercursus Magnus- Reasons and Terms

TERMS

• 1496- ended trade embargo

• Restored normal trading links

• agreed not to support pretenders

REASONS

• Burgundy harbouring Warbeck

Intercursus Magnus- success or failure?

SOMEWHAT SUCCESS

• somewhat improved relations

Intercursus Malus- Reasons + Terms

REASONS

• 1504- Burgundy relations more important- Isabella dead

• 1506 (never became fully operative)

• result of the Treaty of Windsor

TERMS

• demanded trade deal with stronger English position

Intercursus Malus- success or failure?

N/A

• never put into place- trading relations returned to Magnus status

• (Philip death)

Burgundy + HRE- success or failure?

• Philip and Maximilian handed over Yorkist Earl of Suffolk

Spain- overview + key events

• Henry hoped for good relations

• 1489- Treaty of Medina del Campo

• 1501- Arthur and Catherine marriage alliance

• 1502- Arthur death

• 1504- Isabella death

• 1506- Treaty of Windsor

The Real Housewives of Spain + England

• Ferdinand + Isabella- powerful state

• Juana- Catherine’s sister- power struggle 1594

• Philip of Burgundy- Juana’s husband, Maximilian son

• Arthur

• Catherine of Aragon

Medina del Campo- Reasons and terms

REASONS

• 1489- international peace & security

TERMS

• mutual protection in an attack

• no harbouring rebels or pretenders

• marriage alliance Arthur + Catherine

Medina del Campo- success or failure?

FAILURE

• marriage arrangements not smooth- Ferdinand reluctant due to PW threatening security

• disagreements over size of dowry

• 1502- death = complications

• LONG TERM failure

SUCCESS

• marriage finally agreed 1499, took place 1501

Arthur’s death

• 1502- Henry immediately suggested marriage to H8

• Ferdinand didn’t need English alliance- said papal dispensation needed

• 1504- Henry reluctant for marriage- Isabella dead = Ferdinand less significant

• Henry chose to support Juana over Ferdinand

Treaty of WIndsor- events and terms

EVENTS

• 1506- Juana and Philip shipwrecked

• Henry takes advantage of situation

TERMS

• Intercursus Malus- restoring trade relations

Treaty of Windsor- success or failure?

Spain- success or failure?

Scotland- overview and key events

The Ayton Truce- terms, success?

Treaty of Perpetual Peace- reasons and terms

Treaty of Perpetual Peace- success or failure?

Scotland- success or failure?

Henry’s random proposals