Lecture 8 Cycle 5: Mendelian Inheritance Cycle Five

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Mendelian inheritance, exam preparation, and genetic terminology.

3'-5' Exonuclease Activity

A function of DNA polymerase that allows it to remove mismatched nucleotides.

Phenotypic Expression

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Genotypic Expression

The genetic makeup of an organism that determines its phenotype.

Co-Dominance

A genetic scenario where both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype.

Epistasis

A form of non-Mendelian inheritance where one gene interferes with the expression of another gene.

Polygenic Traits

Traits that are influenced by multiple genes, leading to continuous variation.

Gene Shuffling

The process by which genes are moved or translocated from one location to another in the genome.

Cystic Fibrosis

A genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele that affects the CFTR protein, leading to respiratory issues.

Dominant Allele

An allele that expresses its phenotype even in the presence of a recessive allele.

Recessive Allele

An allele that only expresses its phenotype when two copies are present.

Genotypic Ratio

The ratio of different genetic combinations resulting from a genetic cross.

Phenotypic Ratio

The ratio of different observable traits resulting from a genetic cross.

Transposition

The movement of a transposable element from one location in the genome to another.

Factor Eight Gene

A gene on the X chromosome that when mutated can cause hemophilia.

Alleles

Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus.

Mendel's Peas

The plant used by Gregor Mendel for his experiments, chosen for its easily observable traits.