Antidysrhythmic, cholesterol, angina, & anticoagulant Medication Table

Class I: Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Tx: ventricular dysrhythmias; MOA: blocks Na⁺ channels → slows conduction, ↓ automaticity, ↑ repolarization; SE: CNS effects (drowsy, confusion, tingling); Teach: monitor VS, resuscitation available, reduce dose w/ liver or renal issues

Class II: Propranolol (Inderal)

Tx: A-fib, sinus tachy, SVT; MOA: blocks β₁ & β₂ → ↓ SA/AV conduction & contractility; SE: bradycardia, HF, hypotension, bronchospasm; Teach: monitor HR/BP, caution asthma/DM, don’t stop abruptly

Class III: Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Tx: life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias, A-fib; MOA: blocks K⁺ channels → prolongs repolarization & QT; SE: pulmonary, thyroid, liver, visual toxicity, bradycardia; Teach: avoid grapefruit, monitor HR, BP, liver, thyroid, lungs

Class V: Verapamil (Calan), Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Tx: A-fib/flutter, SVT; MOA: block Ca²⁺ channels → ↓ SA/AV conduction, ↓ contractility; SE: bradycardia, hypotension, edema, constipation; Teach: monitor HR/BP, avoid combo w/ BB, monitor digoxin levels

Other: Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Tx: HF, supraventricular dysrhythmias; MOA: ↑ contractility, ↓ AV conduction; SE: bradycardia, dysrhythmias, GI upset, vision changes; Teach: monitor apical pulse (<60 hold), K⁺ levels, dig levels, toxicity s/s; antidote: Digibind

Other: Adenosine (Adenocard)

Tx: terminate SVT; MOA: ↓ SA/AV conduction; SE: asystole, bradycardia, dyspnea, flushing; Teach: give IV rapid push near heart, short half-life, monitor VS

Statins: Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Simvastatin

Tx: hyperlipidemia; MOA: inhibit HMG-CoA reductase → ↓ LDL, ↑ HDL; SE: myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity; Teach: take in evening, monitor LFT/CK, report muscle pain, avoid pregnancy

Nitrate: Nitroglycerin

Tx: angina; MOA: vasodilator → ↓ preload/afterload; SE: HA, hypotension, reflex tachy; Teach: SL: 1 tab q5min x3 → call 911; store dark bottle; remove patch 12h/day; avoid Viagra/alcohol

BB (for angina): Propranolol, Metoprolol

Tx: stable angina; MOA: ↓ HR, contractility, O₂ demand; SE: bradycardia, fatigue, depression; Teach: monitor HR/BP, avoid abrupt stop, caution asthma/DM

CCB (for angina): Verapamil, Diltiazem

Tx: stable & variant angina; MOA: block Ca²⁺ channels → vasodilation, ↓ afterload; SE: hypotension, bradycardia; Teach: monitor HR/BP, avoid combo w/ BB

Heparin (unfractionated)

Tx: DVT, PE, MI; MOA: ↑ antithrombin → inhibits clotting; SE: bleeding, HIT; Teach: monitor aPTT (60–80s), bleeding, use abdomen SQ, antidote: protamine sulfate

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Tx: prevent/treat DVT, MI; MOA: LMWH → inhibits factor Xa; SE: bleeding, thrombocytopenia (less risk); Teach: SQ only, no aPTT needed, fixed dosing

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Tx: long-term anticoagulation; MOA: inhibits Vit K clot factors (II, VII, IX, X); SE: bleeding, teratogenic; Teach: monitor PT/INR (2–3), avoid Vit K foods, many drug interactions, antidote: Vit K

Factor Xa Inhibitors: Rivaroxaban (Xarelto), Apixaban (Eliquis)

Tx: prevent DVT, PE, stroke; MOA: inhibits factor Xa; SE: bleeding; Teach: no INR needed, monitor renal/liver fxn, avoid pregnancy

Antiplatelet: Aspirin (ASA)

Tx: prevent MI, stroke; MOA: inhibits COX → ↓ platelet aggregation; SE: GI bleed, hemorrhagic stroke; Teach: take w/ food, report bleeding

Antiplatelet: Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Tx: prevent stent blockage, MI, stroke; MOA: blocks ADP receptors → ↓ platelet aggregation; SE: bleeding, TTP; Teach: monitor bleeding, may use PPI if GI risk

Thrombolytics: Alteplase (tPA), Streptokinase

Tx: acute MI, PE, ischemic stroke; MOA: converts plasminogen → plasmin (clot lysis); SE: bleeding, hypotension, fever; Teach: give within 4–6h, monitor bleeding, avoid injections, apply pressure sites