x-ray systems

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where is the kV meter

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39 Terms

1

where is the kV meter

on the primary side of the HVT

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2

what does kV control

determines the penetrating quality of the beam

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3

what is the purpose of a step up transformer

increases voltage for x-ray production

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4

where is a step up transformer found

in a high voltage transformer (HVT)

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5

what is the purpose of a step down transformer

adjust current to cathode filament to produce the heat required for thermionic emission of e-; controls number of x-rays; rheostat

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6

where is a step down transformer found

in a filament transformer

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7

what is a variable transformer

operates by self induction, selects a portion of the incoming line voltage

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8

what does mA control

determines the number of e- boiled off at filament (thermionic emmision); quantity

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9

where is mA meter

secondary side of HVT

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10

what is a voltage ripple

variation in peak voltage waveform, less ripple→greater efficiency

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11

what is the semiconductor material used for a n-type solid state rectifier

arsenic

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12

what is the semiconductor material used for a p-type solid state rectifier

gallium

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13

why do we need rectification

converts AC to pulsed DC for the x-ray tube to suppress or redirect unwanted parts of AC and ensure a steady voltage supply.

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14

where does rectification happen

between the HVT and x-ray tube

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15
<p>what is full wave rectification</p>

what is full wave rectification

redirect unwanted part of the AC; requires at least 4 diodes; most common

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16
<p>what is half wave rectification</p>

what is half wave rectification

suppress unwanted part of the AC; limited use

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17

what is self rectification

rarely used

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18

what is automatic exposure control (AEC)

detects radiation that has passed through the patient, terminates exposure after set amount of radiation reaches sensing device; convert radiation into an electrical signal which will be used to automatically stop the exposure when the image receptor has reached the proper density

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19

what is the purpose of positioning cells

three cells (two lateral, one central) that control when radiation is shut off

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20

what is line voltage compensator

measures the voltage and adjusts to precisely 220 V

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21

what is a mechanical timer

inexpensive, inaccurate for times less than 1/20s; used in portable and dental units

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22

what is a synchronous timer

start/stop with AC cycle; 1 cycle=1/60s

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23

what is an impulse timer

1 pulse= 1/120s

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24

what is an electronic timer

when a precise voltage is reached in capacitor, the switch opens and terminates the exposure

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25

what is a mAs timer

exposure is terminated when desired mAs is attained; highest mA shortest time

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26

what are single phase timers (1ø)

mechanical, synchronous motor, impulse

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27

what is a three phase timers (3ø)

electronic

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28

what are the differences between 3ø and 1ø

3ø is more efficient, requires more complex circuitry and is more expensive compared to 1ø

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29

what is the voltage ripple in 3ø 6 pulse

14% ripple

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30

what is the voltage ripple in 3ø 12 pulse

4% ripple

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31

what is the voltage ripple in 1ø

100%

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32

what is the voltage ripple in high frequency

1% ripple

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33

what is the power rating formula

mA • kV= W

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34

what is the power rating formula for 1ø

mA•kV•0.7=W

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35
<p>what is #1</p>

what is #1

kV meter

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36
<p>what is #2</p>

what is #2

timer

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37
<p>what is #3</p>

what is #3

mA meter

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38
<p>what is #4</p>

what is #4

ammeter

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39
<p>what is #5</p>

what is #5

line monitor

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