ANSC 4084: Beef Industry Segments and Breeds

Seedstock

Cow-Calf

Stocker

Feedlot

Packer/Processor

Retail

Consumer

What are the beef industry segments?

ownership

Animals change _____________ when moving from one stage of the industry to another

regionality

There is a distinct ____________ to the beef industry- different regions of the country tend to specialize in a single, or perhaps two, phases

Seedstock

_____________ production is the only segment that does not produce animals whose primary use is for meat consumption (may enter food supply after culling)

To produce breeding stock

What is the primary goal of seedstock production?

bulls

What is the product in greatest demand from the seedstock segment?

semen and embryos

If the quality of a bull is high enough, what other products may be able to be marketed?

6-10 month old crossbred calves that range in weight from 300-700 lbs

What is the product from the cow-calf segment?

produce the heaviest calves possible with the least cost

What is the main goal of the cow-calf segment?

feedlot, stocker

Calves are usually sold at weaning to a _____________ or a ___________ operation

Yearling or stocker (Backgrounder or Pre-Finisher)

__________________ operators are in the business of growing calves to heavier weights on low-priced forage before calves enter the feedlot

season

Stockers typically purchase calves from cow-calf producers and grow them during a specific _____________ (ex. When forages are at peak production) and then ship the cattle to feedlots

vaccinations, deworming, castration, dehorning, are bunk broke, etc.

What are the health procedures that calves from a stocker system have received?

finishing

The feedlot phase is referred to as the _____________ phase

1

Cattle normally go to the feedlot at approximately ___ year of age

900-1400

600-850 lb. cattle are finished to market weight and condition, which ranges from _________________ lbs. at slaughter

60-200 days

How long do cattle usually stay in a feedlot?

Packer/Processor

What segment harvests finished cattle purchased from feedlots and breaks down carcasses into subprimal cuts (boxed beef)?

Retailer

What segment purchases product from packers and processors, breaks down subprimal cuts into retail cuts, presents beef product to the consumer?

The consumer's

Whose behavior and purchasing trends influence the decisions made by every other segment of the industry?

Tyson Foods, Inc.

JBS Beef Company

Cargill Meat Solutions

What are the top 3 beef packers in the US?

Wal-mart

The Kroger Company

Costco

What are the top 3 grocery companies in the US?

Angus

Red Angus

Hereford

Shorthorn

What are the Maternal/English breeds?

Charolais

Gelbvieh

Limousin

Simmental

What are the Terminal/Continental breeds?

Brahman - indicus

Senepol - taurus

Longhorn - taurus

What are the heat tolerant/subtropically adapted breeds?

Brangus

Braford

Beefmaster

Santa Gertrudis

What are the composite breeds?

Angus

What is the black breed that is the most prominent breed in the US and is popular for carcass and maternal traits?

•Must be at least 51% black and exhibit "Angus influence"

•In the top third of the USDA quality grade (must grade Prime or upper 2/3 of Choice)

•Must meet all 10 criteria to be labeled CAB

What are the requirements for labeling certified Angus beef?

Hereford

What red/white breed is popular for their survivability and crossbreeding (carcass traits and can be polled or horned?

Red Angus

What breed is red and similar to Angus, but with separate breed associations?

Shorthorn

What breed is a combination of red and white, is popular for their maternal and carcass qualities, and was developed as a dual purpose breed for meat and milk production?

Charolais

What breed is light tan to cream white and is popular for growth and carcass characteristics?

Gelbvieh

What breed is golden to rust (black ) and is popular for growth and maternal traits?

Limousin

What breed can be various shades of red to black and is popular for growth traits?

Simmental

What breed can be tan, red, white, or black and is popular for its growth and maternal traits?

Brahman

What breed can be gray or red, is popular for their heat and insect tolerance and disease resistance, are used in crossbreeding systems, and is a popular breed in the southern US?

Nelore, Gir, Guzerat

What 3 Indian Zebu breeds were the American Brahman developed from?

Senepol

What breed comes in various shades of red and is popular for heat tolerance, early maturing, and survivability?

Texas Longhorn

What breed can be multicolored, was initially very popular for ruggedness, but has low birth weights?

Brangus

What breed is black or red, is 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Angus, and is popular for heat tolerant, maternal and carcass traits?

Braford

What breed is red and white, is 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Hereford, and is popular for their maternal traits and heat tolerance?

Santa Gertrudis

What breed is 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Shorthorn, red in color, and popular for heat tolerance, maternal, and carcass traits?

Beefmaster

What breed is 1/2 Brahman, 1/4 Shorthorn, 1/4 Hereford, is multicolored, and popular for maternal, carcass, and heat tolerant traits?