Health 101: The Principles of Health (Study.com)

Includes the following chapters: Health and Wellness Fundamentals, Psychosocial Disorders & Mental Health, Stress Risks & Disorders, Drugs & Addictive Behavior, Impact of Alcohol & Tobacco on Health, Substance Use Risks & Disorders, Healthy Platonic & Sexual Relationships, Understanding Nutrition in Health, Fitness & Weight in Personal Health, Personal Health for Aging Populations, Understanding Death & Bereavement, Heart, Lung & Endocrine System Health, Understanding Cancer Risks & Treatment, Immune Disorders & Infections, Understanding Diabetes & Genetic Disorders, Environmental Health Basics, Pollution & Environmental Issues, & Violence, Injury & Personal Safety.

The process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants and thereby improve their health is known as:

Health Promotion

Which strategy for changing behavior helps to see the change in your mind's eye?

Visualization

Using a \_____ can help you become like a person you look up to.

Role model

Which of the following is NOT a possible consequence of the consumption of alcohol?

Scarring of the spleen

John failed several tests in a class while everyone else did just fine. John says that he failed because of a bad teacher. Which of the following is true about John?

He has an external locus of control.

An individual is committed to managing their own diet, exercise, and lifestyle choices because they feel they are in control of generating positive health outcomes. What type of health strategy is this?

Internal locus

Katie failed several tests in a class while everyone else did just fine. Katie says that she failed because she didn't study hard enough. Which of the following is true about Katie?

She has an internal locus of control.

Which of the following major health concerns in Americans is on the decline?

HIV

Which of the following is a major health issue in America caused by the pharmaceutical industry?

The opioid crisis

Identify the definition of malignant neoplasia.

Malignant neoplasia is the growth of cancer cells in the body.

Once you have set a goal to exercise more to lose weight and reviewed your journal during the past month following an initial weight loss plateau, you decide to join a group at your local gym that does circuit training together three times a week. You feel that perhaps working out on your own is boring and the individuals in this group may be just the motivation you need in order to jump start your workout and weight loss again. You are \_____.

setting a plan of action

You set a goal to exercise more to lose weight. At the beginning of the month, you were losing one to two pounds per week, but now your weight loss has plateaued. You decide to dedicate some time to review your exercise journal to see if you can determine any particular patterns that are emerging. This is known as what step in the behavior management plan?

Analyzing & identifying

As part of your goal to exercise more to lose weight, you decide to find yourself an accountability partner at your gym. This is an individual who will help to coach and encourage you to keep you on track with your commitment. You are in the \_____ step in the behavior management plan.

Making Contacts

Tara is a school counselor who loves helping children navigate the stresses of childhood. Her feelings about her job are a sign of \_____.

occupational wellness

Which of the following provides the BEST example of someone with spiritual wellness?

Sam dedicates his life to helping those who are less fortunate than himself.

Exercise is mainly a component of \_____.

physical wellness

Which of the following situations is MOST closely connected to demographics, as related to population health?

Access to quality food, water, and medication

Which of the following has an impact on your health?

All of the answers are correct. Your city, The entire world, Your home and family.

Why are demographic factors an important consideration when discussing health issues?

Knowledge of these factors can help doctors find the cause or stimulus for certain diseases.

What is the procedure applied to research studies in order to minimize threats of bias in interfering with study results?

A double-blinded procedure

An internet website where users post messages to one another is likely to be \_____.

an internet forum

List in the correct order from the least credible websites to the most credible websites.

A personal blog \n A well-known news source \n A website with independent, well-credentialed, and well-sourced experts

Two U.S. agencies whose focus is on health promotion and disease prevention are:

The Centers for Disease Control and National Institutes of Health

Which of the following would be considered a lifestyle choice selected by an individual wanting to optimize wellness and attempt to mitigate potential effects of genetic conditions?

All of the answers are correct. Proper diet, Minimizing alcohol intake, & Normal exercise.

Diabetes, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are examples of \_____ diseases.

chronic

How can body art be dangerous?

It can lead to infection with a virus.

An individual who believes that the outcome of their life, life events, success, and failure is determined by factors out of their control is said to have:

An external locus of control

Coronary artery disease is most appropriately associated with \_____.

The heart

Instead of the broad goal 'I want to start my own internet business,' which of the following would be a more appropriate SMART goal that addresses each aspect of the acronym?

Within a month, I will have an inventory of twenty pieces of handmade jewelry to sell on Etsy.com and will strive to sell at least three pieces of jewelry per week. I will build customer relationships through purchase reviews and word of mouth marketing

Tom is someone who is confident and exhibits a good sense of self-esteem. These characteristics mark Tom as someone with \_____.

emotional wellness

A doctor with a psychosocial view of mood disorders is \_____ likely to prescribe medicines because they believe that mood disorders are caused by \_____.

less; a person's environment

A doctor operating from a biological view of mood disorders would most likely tell you that your mood disorder is caused by \_____ and recommend \_____.

a brain imbalance; medical treatment

Someone with \_____ generally feels unusually sad and tired, and has lost interest in things around them, while someone with \_____ cycles or swings through emotions.

depressive disorder; bipolar disorder

Ted has been on fire lately; he has been extremely energized for a whole week and feels invincible. In fact, he doesn't need more than an hour of sleep each night and yet he is somehow able to get more done on the job than he ever thought possible. This is so different from how Ted felt a month ago when he could hardly get out of bed each day and felt sluggish and sad; it seems as though Ted may be suffering from a(n) \_____.

mood disorder

Psychosocial health is grounded in factors found in these four areas:

mental, emotional, social, and spiritual.

Emotional intelligence consists of:

the ability to know, understand, and manage your own emotions and manage relationships.

Shana has a good sense of her self-worth and value, has a healthy amount of pride in her accomplishments, and treats both herself and others with respect. These are ALL signs of \_____.

high self-esteem

Ever since she was little, Barb has been accused of being too sensitive; the slightest criticisms will upset her for days so that she can't stop thinking about them. Barbara's psychosocial health is being negatively impacted by \_____ factors.

internal

\_____ can improve a person's psychosocial well-being by helping them learn to explain and understand \_____ and acquire a positive way of thinking.

Learned optimism; both positive and negative events

Xander has been having a rough time of it lately; his boss keeps yelling at him at work, his car broke down, and the neighbors upstairs throw nightly parties which often last until 3 a.m., preventing him from getting an adequate amount of sleep. Xander's psychosocial health is being negatively impacted by \_____ factors.

external

Roger often wonders how he ended up with an anxiety disorder. You've studied the subject extensively. Which of the following can you assure him has not been shown to lead to anxiety disorders?

Excessive movie viewing

Jared's counselor suggests a treatment for his anxiety disorder that focuses on changing dysfunctional thoughts and behaviors. This treatment is most likely \_____.

cognitive behavioral therapy

Excessive worrying is a part of ALL of these disorders:

Agoraphobia, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Genaralized Anxiety Disorder

Daryl feels like something is wrong. He's down all the time and is starting to have increasing anxiety. A \_____ would be the professional that he should contact first to talk about the problem so that the professional can use interviews and assessments in order to get to the bottom of what is going on.

psychologist

Oftentimes when someone is taking a medication for a psychosocial disorder, regular \_____ is also recommended, which may include talking issues out in one-on-one or group sessions.

psychotherapy

Devon has been seeing a cognitive behavioral therapist to help her with anxiety. At this point, the therapist suggests that Devon make an appointment with a psychiatrist. Most likely the therapist's suggestion is based on:

the thought that Devon could benefit from prescription medication or that her condition may not be entirely psychological.

Which of the following is a physician?

Psychiatrist

Which of the following reasons is the best one for why a psychologist may refer a patient to a psychiatrist?

Because the patient needs medication they cannot prescribe or the psychologist suspects a serious medical condition is causing a psychological problem.

The ability to create and maintain healthy relationships with others is a defining characteristic of which of the following?

Social health

Rob has been dating Holly, though they have not been dating for very long. Recently, Holly broke up with Rob. Rob was enraged and he felt out of control in the ways he was reacting to it. Which of the following is true about Rob in terms of his psychosocial health?

He has low emotional health

Which individual displays healthy anxiety (not an anxiety disorder)?

Adam feels nervous and gets sweaty palms before his exam. He works hard on the test and gets a 98%.

Which of the following is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?

All of these are treatments. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, Talk therapy, & Antidepressants.

Lisa has decided that she wants to make an effort to improve her psychosocial health. How can she best go about this?

Lisa can explore the concept of learned optimism.

You can manage conflict with others a bit better by:

Acknowledging another person's viewpoint.

Susie feels extremely happy, energized and full of life one moment and then sad, depressed, and exhausted at other times. What type of mood disorder is Susie experiencing?

Bipolar disorder

Robin feels sad and tired, has a hard time concentrating and has lost interest in the things around her. What type of mood disorder is Robin experiencing?

Unipolar disorder

Talk therapy is technically called:

Psychotherapy

Which of these is the thinking part of psychosocial health?

Mental health

Scientists estimate that the lifetime chance of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder is which of the following?

25%

Which of the following describes how internal factors can influence a person's psychosocial health?

A young man with high self-esteem chooses not to take drugs at a party.

What type of stressor is perfectionism?

Internal stressor

A psychological and physiological response to any real or imagined disruption, demand, stimulation, or change in life is known as:

Stress

Distress is most likely to:

Decrease an individual's performance at work.

Julia just received the exciting news that she has been accepted to a doctorate program. She then begins to think about all of the details that will be involved in quitting her job and moving halfway across the country to start school in a few short months. Julia is experiencing which of the following?

Eustress

Amy and Susan were shopping downtown when a man approached them with a knife and demanded that Amy hand over her purse to him. Susan screamed and chased the man down the street into a large crowd. He eventually dropped Amy's purse and ran away. Susan's actions were an example of which of the following?

Fight or flight response

Robert recently started a new job. Just as he feels he is starting to get the hang of things, Robert hears that his new employer has issued a hiring freeze and is going to begin laying off individuals in his department following the loss of a large contract. Robert is experiencing which of the following?

Distress

The resistance phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome would most likely be marked by:

denial of the problem and emotional withdrawal from it.

The phases of the general adaptation syndrome, in order, are:

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Epinephrine is released during:

The alarm phase of the GAS.

Fight or flight is a response that occurs during the \_____ stage of stress.

Alarm

If a person cannot recover from stress, they may enter the exhaustion phase, which may lead to:

Serious illness or death

What problem of the nervous system can be caused by chronic stress?

Memory problems

Which of the following would be the most likely cause of long-term stress?

Working 60 hours every week

Which of the following disorders can be linked to long term anxiety?

Irritable bowel syndrome

High blood pressure is known as:

Hypertension

What is a likely precursor for health risks such as, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal problems, sexual dysfunction, and alcoholism?

Chronic stress

Which of the following is a type of environmental stressor?

Light pollution

Performance anxiety that causes distress during an exam is known as \_____.

test anxiety

What is it called when you have a tendency to put things off until a later time?

Procrastination

Rob is living in a house off campus. Recently his air conditioning went out, causing the temperature in the house to rise, and him to lose sleep. He's experiencing a lot of stress as a result of this lack of sleep caused by the increased temperature in his house. What kind of stressor is this?

Environmental stressor

Which of the following is NOT a good coping strategy for dealing with test anxiety?

Cramming as much as possible and sleeping four hours or less

Richard works for a small business and manages a team of two employees. He was recently told that his company is being bought out by a much larger corporation. He will have to re-interview for his job position in the near future, as the new corporation may not keep all of his company's employees after the buyout. Richard has not been sleeping well and is experiencing daily heart burn and migraines. He is experiencing which of the following?

Work stress

What is the most accurate relationship between activities like exercise, comedy, and positive social interactions like hanging out with friends, and stress management?

These activities should cause a decrease in stress levels

The general term for the psychological and physiological response to any real or imagined disruptions, demands, stimulations, or changes in life is known as:

stress

Phyllis studied for her Biology exam and arrived to class feeling confident about the material. However, when she began to answer the first few exam questions, Phyllis began to experience a rapid heartbeat, excessive sweating, and felt nauseous and lightheaded. Phyllis was experiencing a type of academic stress known as \_____.

test anxiety

\_____ is good stress and enhances a person's quality of life.

Eustress

What physiological response is produced in the stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion?

General Adaptation Syndrome

Which of these is NOT a problem associated with chronic stress?

Delusions

Which of the following is an appropriate coping strategy for dealing with work-related stress?

Identify the problem.

Which stage of stress are Glucocorticoids released?

Resistance

Working out every day for at least three hours and feeling controlled by the desire to exercise is an example of a(n) \_____ behavior.

addictive

After a car accident four years ago, Sandra was prescribed opioid based painkillers for a back injury. Despite having fully healed within a few weeks of her accident, Sandra lied to her doctor about her pain and continued to take the pills for over a year because she enjoyed the high that she got off of them. After her doctor realized that Sandra was abusing the medication, he discontinued her prescriptions. Since then, Sandra has been acquiring the drugs through an illegal dealer and requires a higher dose to achieve the same high that she had enjoyed before. Sandra is exhibiting signs of\_____

escalation of behavior

Lisa enjoys eating fast food and pizza on almost a daily basis. There are times when she orders a large pizza and eats the entire pizza by herself, almost before she knows what she has done. She knows this behavior is harming her health but she is unable to control her need to consume more food. Lisa's habit is an example of:

Addictive behavior

Many people buy alcohol, lottery tickets or eat more food than they should on occasion. Which of the following could be a factor that would influence addiction in one person rather than another?

A person's particular type of lifestyle

Larry and Moe enjoy a trip to Soaring Eagle Casino once a month to play slot machines. Larry is careful to take out as much money as he is willing to lose and only plays slots as long as he still has money. However, Moe will continue to withdraw money from his checking account or credit cards hoping for the big win. Moe also goes to the casino without telling anyone at least once a week by himself, spending even more money than he can afford to lose. Why would Moe's behavior be considered an addiction while Larry's would not?

Moe's dependence on a behavior is leading to personal harm

No matter how much he wants to stop, Jim cannot stop playing World of Warcraft. There are days he will log in at work and continue playing even though it impacts his performance. What is Jim's need for online gaming considered?

A compulsion

Which of the following are factors that can contribute to the possibility of developing an addiction?

All of the answers are correct. Personality, Genetics, & Nature of the substance or behavior.

A psychoactive drug Y if taken can have mind-altering capabilities. Y is usually a volatile substance with strange effects, ranging from stimulation to loss of coordination to hallucination and delusions. A common example of Y is paint thinner.

Identify Y.

An inhalant

Which psychoactive drug excites the activity of the central nervous system?

Stimulant

Opioids are drugs that are intended to \_____.

Relieve pain