Substance Use Disorders

Mental Health in the Media (PSYC 365)

According to the DSM-5 general criteria for substance use disorders, how many criteria must be bet within a 12-month period to indicate a problematic pattern of use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress?

At least 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the main classes of substance-related disorders outlined in the DSM-5?

Substance Preference disorders

Alcohol is classified as which type of substance?

Depressant

What is the effect of alcohol on GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the brain?

It increases the inhibitory effects of GABA

Which of the following is a potential effect of chronic alcohol use and withdrawal?

Delirium tremens, characterized by hallucinations and tremors

Amphetamines primarily exert their effects by enhancing which neurotransmitters in the brain?

Norepinephrine and dopamine

Cocaine’s pleasurable effects are primarily due to its action on which neurotransmitter system?

Dopamine

Opioids primarily produce analgesia and euphoria by activating which natural pain-relieving chemicals in the brain?

Enkephalins and endorphins

Which of the following is generally NOT associated with withdrawal symptoms?

Hallucinogens

According to the Opponent Process Theory, what motivates later stages of drug use?

The desire to avoid the negative reinforcement of withdrawal symptoms

Agonist substitution is a medical treatment for substance-related disorders involves:

Providing a drug with similar chemical composition to the abused drug with less intense effects

Which of the following is a community support program commonly used in the treatment of substance use disorders?

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)

In the movie Everything Must Go (2011), what is Nick Halsey’s profession before losing his job?

Marketing executive

According to McIntosh et al.’s (1999) study on alcohol in movies, how were drinkers generally depicted compared to nondrinkers in films from 1940-1989?

As having a higher SES, being more attractive, more romantically/sexually active, and more aggressive

The movie Flight (2012) features a protagonist, Whip Whitaker, who is a pilot and a:

Functional alcoholic

The Lost Weekend (1945) is a classic film that powerfully portrays:

Alcoholism

In the film The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio (2005), what is the primary addiction of Kelly Ryan, the father of 10 children?

Alcohol

Crazy Heart (2009) features Bad Blake, a musician whose life is significantly affected by:

Alcohol dependence

The DSM-5 includes which of the following as the only non-substance-related disorder in the chapter on substance-related and addictive disorders?

Gambling disorder

The film Owning Mahowny (2002) is based on a true story about a man with a severe addiction to:

Gambling

The film Everything Must Go (2010) effectively uses which emotional response from the viewer towards Nick’s behavior?

Vexation

The film Everything Must Go (2010) balances serious issues with what element?

Dark humor

The music in Everything Must Go (2010) contributes evidence of:

Multiple symptoms of addiction

The dialogue between characters in Everything Must Go (2010) provides insight into:

Each others’ emotional pain

McIntosh et al. (1999) cite Denizen (1991) as stating that movies function as both a “mirror” and a “creator” of what?

Social attitudes

According to McIntosh et al. (1999), the concern about attractive characters in movies engaging in unhealthy behaviors is that this might lead to:

Moviegoers, especially young people, emulating such behaviors

McIntosh et al. (1999) suggest that people are most likely to model movie characters who they perceive to be:

Similar to them, likeable, and depicted as popular

The study by McIntosh et al. (1999) reviewed how many popular films released between 1940 and 1989?

100

In the McIntosh et al. (1999) study, what percentage of the rated characters drank alcohol at least once during the films?

35%

According to McIntosh et al.’s (1999) findings, when data from all decades were combined, drinkers in movies were significantly more likely to be depicted as having a higher:

Socioeconomic status

McIntosh et al. (1999) found that movie drinkers were portrayed as more engaged in which type of activity compared to nondrinkers?

Romantic/sexual activity

The McIntosh et al. (1999) study suggests that the portrayal of drinkers in films as more attractive than nondrinkers is:

Probably not an accurate reflection of reality

According to McIntosh et al. (1999), the finding that drinkers in movies tend to be more aggressive aligns with real-world reports indicating that even small amounts of alcohol can:

Increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior

McIntosh et al. (1999) point out that films often fail to depict some of the negative consequences associated with drinking, such as:

Negative outcomes at the film’s end for drinkers

What crucial action does Whip Whitaker take at the end of Flight (2012) that leads to his imprisonment?

He confesses to his history of alcohol and drug abuse

According to the DSM-5 estimates cited in the text, what is the approximate prevalence of alcohol use disorder among adults in the United States?

1 in 12

The film Arthur (1981) is presented as an example of a movie that portrays an alcoholic as:

Happy and carefree with seemingly no hidden consequences to his drinking

Evelyn Ryan in The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio (2005) describes her husband’s alcoholism as a situation where his paycheck is mostly spent on:

Liquor

The film 28 Days (2000) depicts the character Gwen Cummings experiencing withdrawal symptoms including:

Shaky hands, cravings, and agitation

Substance abuse is characterized by recurrent adverse consequences related to substance use, with DSM-5 diagnosis requiring evidence of impairment based on criteria such as:

Failure to meet role obligations

The long-term effects of heroin use, as depicted in the discussion of the film Ray (2004), can include:

Addiction and collapsed veins

The effects of barbiturates are said to mimic those of which other substance?

Alcohol

The film Blow (2001) chronicles the life of which real-life cocaine smuggler?

George Jung

Requiem for a Dream (2000) utilizes techniques like extreme close-ups and exaggerated sound effects to demonstrate the effects of:

Drugs

Hallucinogens are described as drugs that distort:

The perception of reality

In Shame (2011), the protagonist Brandon’s addiction is likened to substance abuse, but which activity as the “substance”?

Sex

The documentary Maxed Out (2006) explores the impulse control problem of:

Compulsive spending

What is delirium tremens, as described in the context of alcohol-related disorders?

Hallucinations and tremors brought on by withdrawal from severe alcohol use

Hallucinogens primarily alter which of the following?

Sensory perception

In The Way Back (2020), Jack Cunningham exhibits signs of alcohol addiction such as:

Drinking beer in the shower