Key Legal Cases and Concepts Related to 4th and 5th Amendments

These flashcards cover important legal cases and concepts related to the 4th and 5th amendments, focusing on search and seizure rules, rights during custodial interrogation, and standards for admissibility of evidence.

Wilson v. Arkansas (1995)

Case related to the 4th Amendment regarding knock and announce requirements.

Arizona v. Gant (2009)

Vehicle search only permissible if unsecured or evidence of an offense is present.

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Established the requirement for police to provide warnings during custodial interrogation.

Exclusionary Rule

Legal principle that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in court.

Entrapment Defense

A legal defense claiming that the defendant was induced by law enforcement to commit a criminal offense.

Public Safety Exception

Allows police to ask questions without Miranda warnings when public safety is at risk.

Custodial Interrogation

Questioning by law enforcement after a suspect has been taken into custody.

Good Faith Exception

Permits the use of evidence obtained in violation of a person's rights if law enforcement believed the warrant was valid.

Totality of Circumstances

A standard for determining the legality of searches and seizures based on the overall context.

SITA (Search Incident to Arrest)

Refers to the legal rationale allowing police to search a person arrested and the immediate area around them.

Due Process

Legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights owed to a person.

Independent Source Doctrine

Allows evidence obtained through lawful means to be admissible, even if an earlier, unlawful search occurred.