The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America: 1815-1846

These flashcards cover important vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on 'The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America: 1815-1846', encapsulating key historical ideas and socio-economic dynamics.

Market Revolution

A period of economic transformation in the 19th century that shifted the American economy from subsistence to capitalist market-driven principles.

Jacksonian America

The era of American history from the 1820s to the 1840s during Andrew Jackson's presidency and the rise of democracy.

Republicanism

The political ideology centered on the rights of citizens in a republic, emphasizing freedom and equality.

Fee-simple property

Land owned without any limitations or conditions, allowing the owner full control over the property.

American Revolution

The conflict (1775-1783) in which thirteen American colonies gained independence from Great Britain.

French Revolution

A period of radical social and political change in France from 1789 to 1799, influencing revolutions worldwide.

Andrew Jackson

The seventh President of the United States (1829–1837), known for his role in the New Orleans Battle and the Indian Removal Act.

Subsistence agriculture

Farming system focused on growing enough food to feed oneself and one’s family, with little surplus for sale.

Demographic explosion

A significant increase in population, particularly noted during the 18th century in America.

Migrant labor

Work done by individuals who move from one area to another, often seeking better job opportunities.

Capitalism

An economic system where private individuals own and control property and businesses, aiming for profit.

Collective resources

Resources shared or pooled by a community, used for common purposes.

Cultural differences

The variety of social behaviors, traditions, values, and beliefs that characterize different societies.

Patriarchy

A social system where men hold primary power, dominating roles in political leadership, moral authority, and property rights.

Communal lands

Land collectively owned or used by a community, often maintained by shared labor and resources.

Market values

Economic principles and priorities dictating supply and demand for goods and services in a capitalist economy.

Production for exchange

Creating goods specifically for the purpose of trade or sale rather than personal use.

Urban working class

The population engaged in manual labor or industrial jobs in cities, often living in precarious economic conditions.

Transatlantic commerce

Trade and economic interaction between the continents of Europe and North America during the colonial era.

Indentured servitude

A labor system where individuals worked for a fixed term in exchange for passage to America and eventual freedom.

Diversified economy

An economic system characterized by a variety of industries and types of production instead of a single focus.

Paternal authority

Father's control and decision-making power within a family, often exercised in agricultural and rural settings.

Land acquisition

The process of obtaining land for economic use, often through purchase, grant, or conquest.

Market culture

A societal ethos driven by economic competition, consumerism, and the pursuit of profit.

Navigable rivers

Rivers that are wide and deep enough for boats to travel, facilitating transportation and commerce.

Capitalist hegemony

The dominance of capitalist norms and values in shaping economic, political, and cultural life.

Trust and cooperation

Social principles fundamental in community relationships, emphasizing mutual support and solidarity.

Socioeconomic stratification

The hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on wealth, income, social status, or power.

Rural well-being

A condition of health and prosperity in rural communities, often linked to subsistence agriculture.

Cultural adaptation

The process through which individuals or groups modify their cultural practices in response to new environments.

Democratic reforms

Changes aimed at improving or expanding democratic participation and representation within government.

Economic growth

An increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over time.

Competitive pursuit of wealth

The effort to accumulate economic resources and capital through individual or corporate enterprise.

Labor division

The allocation of different tasks to different people in a production process to improve efficiency.

Commodification

The process of turning goods, services, ideas, and even people into commodities to be bought and sold.

Fiscal policies

Government policies regarding taxation and spending to influence a nation's economy.

The Burden of Debt

The challenges and risks faced by individuals or families due to financial obligations and loans.

Cultural communion

A shared belief system and collective practices that bind members of a community together.

Indigenous cultures

The original cultures of native peoples who inhabited a region before colonial influence.

Civilizing missions

Efforts by colonizers to impose their culture and social systems on indigenous peoples.