Surveillance, Assessment, and Measurement/DOMAINS

Surveillance and screens are important for...

-preventing services (identifying risk)

*further examination , intervention or consultation

*referral to other health care providers

Examination is required before intervention and includes...

-patient/client history

-relevant systems review

-tests and measures

What does the evaluation include?

clinical judgement based on data gathered by exam and determine strengths and weaknesses

4 ways to gather information about patient?

Patient/caregiver questionnaires/interviews

Naturalistic observations

Clinical observations

Direct testing

What is the characteristics of a criterion-referenced measurement?

-what child can and can't do regardless of peer performance on same test

-uses pre-specified criteria or standards against which child can be judged

-describes special skills, tasks, or knowledge that the child can demonstrate

What are characteristics of standardized (norm referenced) tests?

-result in standard scores or developmental stages

-require specific instruction, administration and scoring

-compare scores to individuals of others with same age, sex, etc.

What is a z-score and how do you calculate it?

-a z-score is the number of standard deviations the score is above/below the mean and allows comparing scores of different children

-z-score=[(observed score)-(mean)/(SD)]

What is a t-score?

Mean=50 & SD=10

**advantage is no negative values

How do you calculate a deviation quotient (Q)?

Mean=100 & SD=15

**percentile rank=based upon %age of children in normative sample receiving score

*ex: IQ testing, Peabody developmental motor scales

When do you adjust age for prematurity?

Born <37 weeks gestation AND younger than 24 months

**practice calculating z scores and age

The ___ is the point at which a child is assumed to have. mastered all previous items on a test.

Basal level

The ___is the point at which the test is stopped because the child is no longer able to answer/complete testing items correctly.

Ceiling level

What are the tests for development motor skills?

Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP)

Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)

Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 3rd edition(PDMS-3)

Infant Motor Screen

Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 3rd edition (BOT-3)

What tests are for comprehensive development?

Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ)

Batelle Developmental Inventory, 3rd edition (BDI-3)

Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III

Carolina Curriculum for Infants w/ Special Needs

Carolina Curriculum for Preschoolers w/ Special Needs

Denver II

Hawaii Early Learning Profile (HELP)

Mullen Scales of Early Learning

What tests are for functional capabilities?

Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI)

School Function Assessment

WeeFIM-Functional Independence Measure for Children

What tests are diagnosis specific?

Gross Motor Classification System for Cerebral Palsy

Gross Motor Function Measure

Gross Motor Performance Measure

Common infant tests and measures are...

-Infant motor screen

-AIMS

-PDMS-2

-Bayley Scales of Infant motor development-II

-Batella

-Carolina for infants

HELP

Common tests for preschoolers...

-Peabody

-Batelle

-Carolina for preschoolers

-HELP

-MAP

What is the adaptive developmental domain?

How child adapts to environment and the ability to do things independently

**combo of conceptual, social and practical skills

Conceptual skills-

Social/personal responsibility-

Practical/self care-

-Reading, numbers, money mgmt, time mgmt, communication

-assume responsibility for actions and navigate env safely and productively

-performing tasks associated w/ daily routines w/ increasing autonomy (feeding, grooming, etc)

Timeline of skills in adaptive feeding skill?

Feed self cracker, uses spoon/drink from cup, uses spoon, uses fork/pours, cuts with knife, spreads butter and make simple snack

Timeline of skills in adaptive dressing skill?

Holds out arms/legs while being dressed, unzips or removes shoes, takes off coat, buttons, laces shoes, dresses self completely

Timeline of skills in adaptive personal responsibility?

-Child understands HOT is dangerous (explores environment independently and safely)

-shows care when handling something delicate/fragile (describes, indicates an injury or illness)

-Using appropriate behavior in public settings

-Asks permission to use items of others

-goes to bed without assistance/can all emergency

What are the subcategories of cognition domain?

-attention

-memory

-problem solving

-social cognition

-conceptual knowledge

-literacy

Timeline for attention?

-attention drawn to high contrast, simple movements

-attention to new things; lose interest in habituate or commonly observed stimuli

-Responds to objects directed from caregiver (shared attention)

-sustained attention spans

Timeline for memory?

-young infants imitate adult facial expressions

-recall and imitate actions by demonstrated adults

-reproduce 2 step actions

-reproduce multistep sequences and remember new situations for problem solving

Timeline of problem solving?

-ability to anticipate problem

-understand causal relationships

-ability to organize sequences of actions

-speed of response

-ability to observe failure or success

-ability to correct mistakes

-ability to remember and apply solutions to new problems

Timeline of conceptual knowledge?

-discriminate between sensations

-senses mother and self are separate

-discriminate characteristics, differentiate human/nonhuman

-relationships between objects and different objects

-object comparison

-understand concepts such as speed, time, gravity

What is executive function?

the ability of the brain to coordinate attention and memory, and control behavioral responses for the purpose of attaining a certain goal

The emotional domain are impacted by...

Social interactions, cognition, communication

What are the skills of healthy relationships?

-give care

-receive care

-negotiate needs

-be autonomous

Secure attachment has...

caregiver consistenly, warmly responds when infant is upset

*cries, infant knows that caregiver will soothe

Anxious-avoidant attachment has...

Caregiver does not respond in emotionally warm way when infant is upset

*infant has learned not to cry to get needs met

Anxious-ambivalent attachment has...

Caregiver inconsistently responds when infant is upset

*infant cries (and is difficult to soothe) in an effort to stay in caregiver's direct attention

Disorganized attachment has...

Caregiving is frightening/traumatic

*infant has no clear strategy when upset

Timeline for social and emotional development?

-displays emotion, distress, discomfort

-resists objects not wanted/imitates facial expressions

-repeats play after laughter, wants approval

-self soothes, understands 'no', parallel play, shows empathy

Subcategories of communication domain?

1. language comprehension

2. Language production

3. Pragmatics

4. Articulation and phonology

5. Voice and fluency

6. Oral mechanisms

7. Hearing