topic 2 molecular biology

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theory of vitalism

belief that living organisms were composed of organic chemicals that could only be produced in living organisms because a “vital force” was needed

molecular biology

biology. Molecular. nuff said

natural selection

the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change

atom

single particle of an element

molecule

a grp of 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds (chemical bond that involves sharing electrons to form electron pairs between atoms)

element

a substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons

compounds

two elements bonded tgt

intermolecular forces

weaker bonds between molecules (note: covalent bonds are stronger)

metabolic pathways

linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell

anabolism

synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules

macromolecules

big molecule

monomer

small single subunit of molecules

condensation rxns

two molecules are combined to form a single molecule, w'/ loss of water.

catabolism

breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules

hydrolysis reactions

splitting of h2o molecules