TOPIC 3- Microbial Growth and Nutrition

defined medium

minimal medium

complex medium

differential medium

selective medium

enriched medium

chemotroph

getting energy from a chemical reaction

phototroph

gets energy from photons from the sun

organotroph

getting electrons from an already reduced organic molecule

lithotroph

getting electrons from a reduced inorganic molecule

heterotroph

gets carbon from a pre-exisiting organic molecules

autotroph

getting carbon from inorganic carbon dioxide; like a plant

petroff-hauser counting chamber

flow cytometry

viable count

spectrophometry

growth rate

lag phase

exponential phase

stationary phase

death phase

dilution rate

biofilm

  

biofilm growth pattern

1. attachment- cells collide to each other, find a surface and attach

2. colonization- the formation of the biofilm

3. development- maturation; a complex network of columns and channels form

4. dispersal- cells are freed from mature biofilms and return to its planktonic state and colonize new surfaces

mesophiles

psychrophiles

psychotolerant

thermophiles

hyperthermophiles

 

non-halophiles

 

halotolerant

halophiles

extreme halophiles

obligate aerobes

requires oxygen for metabolism

strict anaerobes

do not require oxygen; might be killed by oxygen

facultative anaerobes

can live with or without oxygen

aerotolerant anaerobes

does not need oxygen but they can grow in its presence

microaerophiles

require oxygen but in really SMALL amounts

produces oxygen

does not produce oxygen

sterilization

inhibition

decontamination

disinfection

decimal reduction time

amount of time needed to reduce microbial count by 10 times

pasteurization

gamma and x-rays

radiation that goes through materials so it sterilizes plastic lab equipment and prolongs the shelf-life of food

UV light

doesnt penetrate through material like glass and plastic; used for decontaminating lab surfaces and treating water

sterilant

DESTROYS all microorganisms including endospores

disinfectant

kills microorganisms but not all endospores

sanitizer

less harsh than disinfectants, used to reduce microbe numbers

antiseptic

bacteriostatic

bacteriocidal

bacteriolytic

minimum inhibitory concentration

minimum lethal concentration

disk diffusion assay

chemoorganoheterotroph

photolithoautotroph

photoorganoheterotroph

chemolithoautotroph