Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes (copy)

What does Central Place Theory state?

All market areas are focused on a central settlement that serves as a place of exchange and service provision.

What is meant by 'Threshold' in urban planning?

The minimum number of people required to support a business.

What is 'Range' in the context of urban services?

The maximum distance that people are willing to travel to gain access to a service.

What did Walter Christaller's research in the 1920s demonstrate?

A hierarchy of places across the landscape that follows a regular pattern.

What are 'Clustered rural settlements'?

Communities where all residential and farm structures of multiple households are arranged closely together.

What do 'Dispersed rural settlements' look like?

Households that are separated from one another by significant distances.

What is the significance of the Concentric Zone Model?

It represents the Anglo-American city of the U.S. and Canada at the height of industrialization.

What characterizes the Sector Model?

It combines industrial corridors and neighborhoods, depicting practical urban representations.

What is the Galactic City Model also known as?

The Peripheral Model, depicting post-industrial cities with dispersed business districts.

What does the Multiple-Nuclei Model recognize?

Neighborhoods and commercial corridors forming in the urban landscape, recognizing suburban business districts.

What led to the development of edge cities?

The expansion of suburban areas leading to new business centers along transportation nodes.

What establishes the concept of suburbanization?

The movement of people from urban areas to suburban areas, leading to the development of detached single-family homes.

What is the role of 'Redlining'?

Designating neighborhoods on maps where mortgage applications would be automatically denied.

What does 'Gentrification' refer to?

The economic reinvestment in existing real estate, which can displace low-income residents.

What are 'Squatter settlements'?

Communities where people settle on land they do not own, often on the urban periphery.

What defines a 'Megacity'?

A metropolitan area with more than 10 million people.

What is a 'Primate City'?

A city that has at least twice the population of the next largest city in a country.

What is 'De facto segregation'?

Separation of ethnic or racial groups that occurs without a law necessitating it.

What does 'Counterurbanization' mean?

The movement of residents from urban areas to rural areas as a response to urban problems.

What are 'Edge cities'?

Suburban areas with extensive office and retail space but no city government.

What is the significance of mixed-use buildings in urban development?

They contain both housing and commercial space, promoting urban density.

What is 'Brownfield remediation'?

A process of removing or sealing hazardous contaminants from former industrial sites.