CHINESE-LITERATURE

What is the capital city of China?

Beijing

How many provinces are there in China?

22 provinces

What are the two special administrative regions of China?

Hong Kong and Macau

What river basins did Chinese civilization originate from?

Hwang Ho and Yangtze river basins

What are the three periods of Chinese history?

Pre-Imperial China, Imperial China, New China

Which dynasty is known as the first historical dynasty of China?

Shang Dynasty

What is the significance of Confucius in Chinese history?

He was a great sage, philosopher, and teacher whose teachings formed the basis of Confucianism.

What are the key teachings of Confucius?

Knowledge, benevolence, loyalty, and virtue.

Which two dynasties are known for the development of woodblock printing?

Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty.

Name the four great classical novels of Chinese literature.

Journey to the West, Outlaws of the Marsh, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Dream of the Red Chamber.

What was the role of Sima Qian in Chinese literature?

He wrote the Historical Records, documenting history from before the Shang Dynasty until the Han Dynasty.

What is the significance of the Han Dynasty in Chinese literature?

It marked the revival and development of Confucianism and significant contributions to poetry.

What philosophical schools emerged during the Zhou Dynasty?

Taoism and Confucianism.

How did the Qin Dynasty influence the written language?

The emperor standardized written classical language, which later evolved into modern Chinese writing.

What did Confucius consider as the best practices of human conduct?

Rituals (li) that should begin at home.

Which poet is known for the poem 'Quiet Night Thought'?

Li Bai.

What genre of literature did Liu Yuxi primarily write?

Poetry focusing on memory of lost pleasures.

What era is known for the emergence of Neo-Confucianism?

The Tang Dynasty.

Who is regarded as the finest classical Chinese poet?

Du Fu.

What major historical event is associated with the poem 'Chunwang' by Du Fu?

The fall of Chang'an to rebel forces during the civil war.

What major impacts did the Western influence have on modern Chinese literature?

Literature became westernized, with increased access to foreign literature and the rise of women writers.

Name two key scientific contributions during the Song Dynasty.

Movable type printing and remarkable scientific treatises by Shen Kuo and Su Song.

What was the 'New Culture Movement'?

A movement aimed at transforming China into a modern industrialized nation and replacing Confucian lifestyle with Western ideals.

What was the impact of the Mongols on Chinese dynastic rule?

They conquered the Song Empire and established the Yuan Dynasty.

Which work is considered one of the four greatest novels in Chinese literature?

Journey to the West.

What was the significance of the Ming Dynasty in Chinese literature?

It marked an interest in exploration and the publication of notable literary works.

What event marked the end of dynastic rule in China?

The revolution led by Sun Yat-sen.

What does Confucian doctrine represent?

A way of life, worldview, social ethic, political ideology, and scholarly tradition.

What is the primary focus of poetry by Du Fu?

Sensitive feelings for humanity and the hard realities of life.

What does Confucianism emphasize in human relationships?

Balancing act and reverence for ancestors.

Who is the author of 'Water Margin'?

Luo Guan Zhong.

What era did the 'Legalism' philosophy emerge in?

Qin Dynasty.

What is a prominent characteristic of the Yuan Dynasty's literature?

Development of dramatic opera and shadow puppet plays.

What did the Han Dynasty contribute to literature?

Significant poetry by Du Fu and Li Bai.

Which dynasty is known for early scientific texts and travel literature?

Song Dynasty.

How did the Tang Dynasty influence Chinese poetry?

It saw the development of early wood block printing and rich poetic expression.

What was Confucius's view on music?

It is a culmination of culture.

What is the purpose of the 'Five Classics'?

They are key texts in Confucian teachings and Chinese literature.

What were the societal changes in literature after the fall of dynasties?

Literature became more westernized, with a focus on equality for women and political themes.

What is the focus of the 'Analects of Confucius'?

It collects Confucius's teachings and philosophy.

Name a significant effect of the Communist victory on literature.

Only government-approved literature was allowed.