impact on freshwater and marine ecosystems

threat to aquatic ecosystems

1. climate change

2. ocean acidification

impacts of ocean acidification on marine life

1. weakens coral reef skeletons, easier to damage and erode

2. shelled organisms struggle to form shells reducing their survival and growth rates

3. affects plankton species

Consequences for humans

1. Biodiversity loss - decline of the GBR threatens species that depend on coral habitats

2. Economic impact - GBR supports tourism

3. Coastal protection - Coral reefs act as natural barriers against storms and erosion. Their degradation increases the vulnerability of coastal areas

Ways to Mitigate Unsustainable Exploitation of Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems

1. policy legislation - regulate fishing, prevent overexploitation

2. bans on harmful practices

3. subsidy reforms - Ban subsidies for illegal fishing

4. fishing quotas and permits - limit and regulate

5. mesh size

6. bans on destructive gear

7. closed seasons - allow replenishment

8. Marine Protected areas - restricted and banned zones from fishing

Consumer Behavior: Driving Sustainable Choices

1. avoid overexploited species

2. choose local and seasonal seafood (reduces the carbon footprint of transportation)

3. opt for wild-caught over farmed fish - Farmed fish often rely on wild-caught feed, which can exacerbate overfishing