MA: CMA (AAMA) Anatomy & Physiology Practice Exam

The body's ability to maintain its normal state

Homeostasis

Not known to help prevent infection

Osteoblasts

Mature cell that doesn't have a nucleus

Erythrocyte

Flexible connective tissue that is attached to bones at the joints

Cartilage

Not located in the mediastinum

Pancreas

Body cavity that contains the pituitary gland

Cranial

Closes and seals off the lower airway during swallowing

Epiglottis

Located beneath the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity

Liver

Anatomical region of the abdomen that lies just distal to the sternum

Epigastric

Cavities that are separated by the diaphragm

Thoracic and abdominal

The motion of bending the forearm toward the body

Flexion

Position in which a patient lies face down

Prone

If the foot is abducted, it is moved in which direction?

Outward

The anatomic location of the spinal canal

Dorsal

A structural, fibrous protein found in the dermis

Collagen

A patient has a fracture in which the radius is bent but not displaced, and the skin is intact. This type of fracture is known as ______________

Closed, greenstick

The large bone found superior to the patella and inferior to the ischium

Femur

The physician directs the medical assistant to complete a request form for an x-ray study of the fibula. The procedure will be performed on the _______________

Lower leg

A disorder characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day

Narcolepsy

The point at which an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron

Synapse

Controls body temperature, sleep, and appetite

Hypothalamus

Cranial nerve related to the sense of smell

Olfactory

A substance that aids the transmission of nerve impulses

Acetylcholine

The location of the carotid pulse

On the anterior side of the neck

A patient sustains severe blunt trauma to the left upper abdomen and requires surgery. The body organ most likely to be involved is the ______.

Spleen

The location of the sinoatrial node

In the upper wall of the right atrium

Blood flows from the right ventricle of the heart into the _______.

Pulmonary arteries

Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the ________.

Pulmonary veins

The thoracic cage is a structural unit important for ______.

Respiration

Exhaled air, when compared with inhaled air, contains more ________ and less ________.

Carbon dioxide, oxygen

In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in tiny one-celled air sacs called ________.

Alveoli

Bile enters the gastrointestinal tract at the ________.

Duodenum

Not a segment of the large intestine

Ileum

Condition that is characterized by incompetence of the esophageal sphincter

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Organ that removes bilirubin from the blood, manufactures plasma proteins, and is involved with the production of prothrombin and fibrinogen

Liver

An accessory organ of the gastrointestinal system that is responsible for secreting insulin

Pancreas

The lymphoid organ that is a reservoir for red blood cells and filters organisms from the blood

Spleen

The process whereby the stomach muscles contract to propel food through the digestive tract

Peristalsis

Saliva contains an enzyme that acts upon ________.

Starches

In men, specimens for gonococcal cultures are most commonly obtained from the ________.

Urethra

The cluster of blood capillaries found in each nephron

Glomerulus

Condition characterized by the presence of kidney stones (renal calculi)

Nephrolithiasis

The order in which urine flows through the urinary system

Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus

In men, the structure that is located at the neck of the bladder and surrounds the urethra

Prostate

Male hormones are produced by the ________.

Testes

The mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vaginal opening

Bartholin's

Fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon occurs in the ________.

Fallopian tube

Calcium, potassium, and sodium are classified as ________.

Electrolytes

The master gland of the endocrine system

Pituitary

Patients with ________ are treated with injections of vitamin B-12

Pernicious anemia