Ecosystems and Energy

Define Biodiversity

The range of different species that exist in an area

Define species

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Define producer

An organism that can make its own food through photosynthesis

Define consumer 

An organism that feeds on other organisms for energy

Define herbivore

An organism that feeds only producers

Define carnivore

An organism that feeds only on other animals

Define omnivore

An organism that feeds on both plants and other animals

Define Predator

An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food

Define Prey

An animal that is hunted for food

Define Food chain

A diagram that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem

What is an energy flow represented by in a food chain?

arrows

Who is a primary consumer?

An organism that is second in a food chain

Who is a secondary consumer?

An organism that is third in a food chain

Who is a tertiary consumer?

An organism that is fourth in a food chain

What is a food web?

A diagram that shows how different food chains are linked in an ecosystem

What is a pyramid of numbers?

A diagram that shows the population of each level in a food chain

What is a pyramid of energy?

A diagram of the energy at each level of a food chain

What is an ecosystem?

A natural biological unit made up of both living and non living parts

What is a habitat?

The area of an ecosystem where an organism lives

What is a population?

The number of individuals of one species in an ecosystem

What is a community?

All the different populations of organisms that live in in a habitat

What is a niche?

The role that an organism plays within an ecosystem

What is a decomposer?

Organisms that feed on dead and decaying organisms

What is a competition?

The struggle for resources that occurs between living organisms

What is a intraspecific competition?

Competition for resources between members of the same species

What is interspecific competition?

Competition for resources between member of different species

Give one example of an interdependent relationship

Plants provide bees with nectar and bees help to pollinate flowers.

Where does all the energy in an area come from?

The sun

How do green plants make their food?

By converting light energy from the sun into chemical energy during photosynthesis

Why is the sun not showed in a food chain?

it is not a living thing

What provides the food chain with energy

Sunlight

List 3 ways energy is lost in a food chain

Movement, heat and excretion

In what way is energy transferred in a food chain?

through growth

How many % of energy is transferred to the next level in a food chain?

10

List 2 reasons why pyramids of number can be an irregular pyramid.

The producer can be a single trees

some consumers can be loads of parasites

Name 2 parts of an ecosystem

Communities and habitat

When does competition occur?

it occurs when two or more organisms need the same resources to survive and that resource is in short supply.

List 6 resources that plants will compete for?

Sunlight, Nutrient, Space, water, minerals and pollinators

What kind of behavior does very intense competition bring out in animals?

Territorial

What does intraspecific competition do?

It regulates the size of a population as the strongest individuals survive and weaker members die out.