Visual and Modern Art Midterm

What Painting is this?

Painted Ibex at Niaux Cave

11,500- 10,500 Years Ago

Paleolithic

What Painting is this?

Bushel with Ibex Motif

4200- 3500 BCE

Neolithic

What Painting is this?

Burial at Ornans

Gustave Courbet

1849-1850

Realism

What Painting is this?

Madonna with the Long Neck

Parmigianino

1535-1540

Mannerist

What Painting is this?

David

Michelangelo

1501-1504

Renaissance

What Painting is this?

David

Bernini

1623-1624

Baroque

What Painting is this?

Young Woman with a Water Pitcher

Johannes Vermeer

1662

Baroque

What Painting is this?

Interior of the Oude Kerk, Delft

Emanuel de Witte Dutch

1650

Baroque

What Painting is this?

Fête Champêtre (Pastoral Gathering)

Jean-Antoine Watteau

1717-1721

Rococo

What Painting is this?

The Swing

Jean-Honore Fragonard

1767

Rococo

What Painting is this?

The Interrupted Sleep

Francois Boucher

1750

Rococo

What Painting is this?

The Death of Marat

Jacques-Louis David

1793

Neoclassicism

What Painting is this?

Death of Socrates

Jacques-Louis David

1787

Neoclassicism

What Painting is this?

Liberty Leading the People

Eugene Delacroix

1830

Romantic

What Painting is this?

Monk by the Sea

Caspar David Friedrich

1809-1810

Romantic

What Painting is this?

The Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead

Joseph Mallory William Turner

1840

Romantic

Naturalism

A style of painting focused on repenting the world as it is experienced through the senses. (In reality)

Abstraction

A style of painting. That priorities idea over sensory experience. Seeks to represent things the way they are imagined.

Formalism

The study of art by analyzing and comparing form and style

Modernism (Art)

A period in art that coincides with social and political shifts that affects and responds to the shifting of words views that accompany this historical moment

Modernity

A term that describes the historical world situation in the 18th through the early 20th centuries, and arguably, continued today.

Autonomy

Freedom from external control or influence; a way of conceiving of an art form, style or method as significant in itself, regardless of external values or uses.

Immanent Criticism

Criticism from within

Immanent

From within, contained as part of, inherent to

Critique

The process of recognition of the conditions of possibility of a thing, idea method or social/political form

Positivism

Theory that true knowledge is hard on observation of natural phenomena. Priories experience based knowledge over metaphysical thought

Basically reason and logic over feeling and intuition

Auguste Comte

French philosopher

Found the field of sociology on the basis that the physical world operates according to gravity and other absolute laws, so does society

Ennui

Feelings of disgust, discontent, and apathy in reaction to the monotony of modern life

Kitsch

Popular culture arising simultaneously with scant grade culture and an increase in productive power; easily produced and consumed

Avant Garde

A cultural tendency that self consciously seeks the new by breaking with, critiquing or transforming the old

What is the difference between the modern and pre-modern world?

Pre-modern: people do things in their generation so that the same things will continue to be done in the next

Modern: the idea is not to repeat but to change, to move the world forward instead of the cycle of tradition

What Characterizes Modern Art?

The hierarchy of genres

History

Portrait

Genre/Scenes of Everyday life

Landscape

Still life

How did societal and technological changes impact the development of modern art?

Societal a technological changes impacted the development of Modern art by prompting artists to depict the changing world around them and focus on capturing the subjective experience of the modern world.

What is the Protestant reformation?

A 16th century (1517-1648) religious movement that challenged the authority of the Catholic Church

What is the Counter-Reformation?

An effort in the 16th century (1545-1648), to oppose the Protestant reformation and reestablish the Church as a leading power

According to Wilhelmina Worringer, what does the impulse toward abstraction indicate about the artist’s relationship to the world, as opposed to the impulse toward naturalistic representation?

When an artist feels the urge toward abstraction, it means that said artist is not satisfied with the current society/world they live in. The urge to abstract stems from a great inner unrest inspire in man by the phenomena of the outside world.

Four tendencies in French at at the time of the revolution according to Arnold Hauser:

Rococo, Sentimentalism, Boutgeoise Naturalism, (Neo)Classicism

According to Hauser why was neoclassicism the style of representation most adequate to revolutionary ideas?

The primary Neoclassicist belief was that art should express the ideal virtues in life and could improve the viewer by imparting a moralizing message.

In other words, it had the power to reform and transform society which is exactly what a revolution is for.