RBT Exam 1

Which of the following would be best at tracking frequency?

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a) A stopwatch

b) Your hand

c) Counting in your head

d) A clicker counter

d) A clicker counter

You are recording how long it takes your client to get dressed in the morning. What type of data are you taking?

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a) Frequency

b) IRT

c) Duration

d) Latency

c) Duration

Billy's mom gave him a list of items to buy at the grocery store while Billy's mom was at work. When she returned home, she checked to make sure Billy had bought all of the items on the list. What type of data collection is this?

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a) Permanent Product

b) Frequency

c) IRT

d) Rate

a) Permanent Product

4) Your role in a functional assessment as an RBT is?

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a) To criticize the assessment

b) To assist with the assessment

c) To conduct the assessment

d) To standby and do nothing

b) To assist with the assessment

5) What is your primary role as an RBT?

a) Treatment planning

b) Preference assessment

c) Parent training

d) Implementation

d) Implementation

6) Which of the following behaviors is defined in the most observable and measurable terms?

a) Susie snapper her pencil in half after she incorrectly answered the math problem

b) Susie was angry so she snapped her pencil in half

c) Susie snapped her pencil in half because she has autism

d) Susie's anxiety caused her to snap her pencil in half

a) Susie snapper her pencil in half after she incorrectly answered the math problem

7) You want to decrease the time it takes your client to eat their meal. You are told to record the length of time in between bites. What kind of data are you collecting?

a) Duration

b) Total task

c) IRT

d) Latency

c) IRT

8) What is the difference between frequency and rate?

a) Rate is frequency with a time component added

b) Rate requires duration data

c) There is no difference between the two

d) Rate is more accurate than frequency

a) Rate is frequency with a time component added

9) Before you can start collecting data, what is the first thing that should be done?

a) Collect your required materials

b) Define the target behavior

c) Report to your supervisor

d) Select a data collection method

b) Define the target behavior

What type of interval recording underestimates the occurrence of behavior?

a) Partial interval

b) Whole interval

c) Momentary time sampling

d) Frequency

b) Whole interval

Which of the following is a type of discontinuous measurement?

a) Frequency

b) Rate

c) Duration

d) Partial interval recording

d) Partial interval recording

What is the goal of a preference assessment?

a) Find out what is reinforcing to the client

b) Determine punishers for the individual

c) Identify stimuli that may be motivating

d) Allow the client to choose what they want to work on during session

c) Identify stimuli that may be motivating

You are teaching your client to say "bubble." Your client says "b" and you deliver reinforcement. Next time your client says "b" you don't deliver reinforcement. Instead, you wait until your client says "bub". You repeat this process and slowly increase the requirements for reinforcement up until your client says "bubble." What are you implementing?

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a) Shaping

b) Task chaining

c) FCT

d) Punishment

a) Shaping

You are trying to teach your client to wash your hands. Your BCBA instructs you to use backwards chaining to teach this. What step might you teach first?

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a) Turning the water on

b) Putting soap on their hands

c) Drying their hands off with a towel

d) Entering the bathroom

c) Drying their hands off with a towel

A student stands up and walks around the room at inappropriate times. You decide you are going to deliver reinforcement on a FI-3 reinforcement schedule for the student sitting in their chair. If the student gets up and walks around no reinforcement is delivered. What type of procedure is this?

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a) DRI

b) DRO

c) DRA

d) DRL

a) DRI

Your client screams for extended periods of time throughout the day. Your BCBA instructs you to deliver reinforcement any time the client is not screaming. What type of procedure is this?

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a) DRI

b) DRO

c) DRA

d) DRH

B) DRO

Linda elopes from the table when presented with a lengthy task. You start functional communication training with Linda in hopes you can teach her to ask for a break. Now, whenever Linda asks for a break when presented with a lengthy task, you provide reinforcement. What type of reinforcement procedure is this?

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a) DRI

b) DRO

c) DRD

d) DRA

d) DRA

In this type of teaching there is an antecedent, a behavior, a consequence, and a brief pause before the next antecedent.

a) NET

b) FCT

c) Prompting

d) DTT

d) DTT

When should you deliver a prompt?

a) After the consequence

b) Before the SD

c) After the response

d) After the SD, before the response

d) After the SD, before the response

Billy has soccer practice today. When it's time to leave, Billy's dad tells Billy to grab his soccer bag. Billy complies and grabs his stuff. His dad says "Nice job. Let's load up the car." In this scenario, what is the antecedent to Billy grabbing his stuff?

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A) Billy has soccer practice today

B) There is no clear antecedent

C) Billy’s dad telling Billy to grab his soccer bag

D) “Nice Job, Let’s load up the car.”

C) Billy’s dad telling Billy to grab his soccer bag.

The process of breaking down a skill into smaller, more manageable components by doing the task yourself, or watching someone else do the task, is called?

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a) Task analysis

b) Task chaining

c) Forward Chaining

d) DTT

a) Task analysis

You have been working with your client for two years. Your client's mom tells you they are going out with friends tomorrow and offers to pay you to babysit. If you accepted, what would you be violating?

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a) Dual relationships

b) Responding appropriately to feedback

c) Legal compliance

d) Effective communication

a) Dual relationships

Your session takes place during lunch time each day. The client's parents have started to buy you lunch and requested you eat lunch with them each day. What is the best course of action?

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a) Eat lunch with the family

b) Politely decline and inform your supervisor

c) Get rid of the client

d) Change the session time .

b) Politely decline and inform your supervisor

During proper discrimination training, reinforcement is available for one response, but not for another. Which of the following is an example of discrimination training?

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a) Shoe tying

b) You praise your client when they put on their pants independently

C) You tell your client to touch “blue” You deliver reinforcement when your client touches blue blue not when he touches green.

D) Your client has started calling all animals “dogs”

C) You tell your client to touch “blue” You deliver reinforcement when your client touches blue blue not when he touches green.

Which of the following is an example of generalization?

a) You teach your client to make purchases at the clinic. Now, your client is able to buy his own lunch at school.

b) Your client will have a conversation with the math teacher, but not any of his other teachers

c) Your client has learned to count to 10

d) You ask your client to touch the "blue" card. They touch the green card.

a) You teach your client to make purchases at the clinic. Now, your client is able to buy his own lunch at school.

When explaining something to parents what should you try and do?

a) Use technical language and jargon

b) Never explain anything to parents

c) Record every conversation you have with parents

d) Use terminology that the parent is able to understand

d) Use terminology that the parent is able to understand

Bobby is working with a client in-home. The client's mom wants the client to be able to prepare their own breakfast. Bobby teaches the client to make scrambled eggs using a task chain procedure. Bobby helps the client by getting out the plate and utensils. The client turns on the stove, heats the pan, puts butter in the pan, cracks the eggs in the pan, scrambles the eggs, puts them on a plate, and turns off the stove. One day, Bobby does not put out the plate. What is he implementing?

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a) Forward chaining

b) Behavior Chain Interruption Strategy (BCIS)

c) Task analysis

d) Fading

b) Behavior Chain Interruption Strategy (BCIS)

Tangible, automatic, attention, and escape are?

a) Irrelevant to ABA

b) Mentalisms

c) The four functions of behavior

d) A type of punishment

c) The four functions of behavior

Joe is in the kitchen doing a puzzle with his mom. Joe's brother needs help completing his math homework, and asks his mom for assistance. Joe's mom gets up and goes help the brother. Five minutes later, Joe starts banging his fists on the table. Hypothetically, what function might this serve?

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a) Anger

b) Escape

c) Tangible

d) Attention

d) Attention

Which of the following is a response prompt?

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a) Verbal

b) Modeling

c) Full physical

d) All of the above

d) All of the above

The behavior results in the addition of something that increases the behavior in the future. What does this describe?

a) Negative Reinforcement

b) Positive Reinforcement

c) Positive Punishment

d) Negative Punishment

b) Positive Reinforcement

Every time Alex yells out in class he is sent to the principal's office. This goes on for two weeks, and Alex's yelling increases. What is happening in this scenario?

a) Alex's behavior is being reinforced

b) Alex's behavior is being punished

c) It cannot be determined

d) Alex's behavior is being put on extinction

a) Alex's behavior is being reinforced

During the night, Joanne gets out of bed to ask mom to get her a snack. In the past, mom has complied and given Joanne a granola bar. For the past week, when Joanne asks for a snack, mom has not given her one. What is Joanne's mom implementing?

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a) Extinction

b) Negative reinforcement

c) Response blocking

d) Punishment

a) Extinction

Extinction requires what?

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a) Withholding some reinforcement

b) Withholding all reinforcement

c) Proper implementation only some of the time

d) Punishment

b) Withholding all reinforcement

A BCBA instructs the RBT to put all attention-seeking behavior on extinction. In order to gain attention, the client will tap their pencil on the table. During extinction, the tapping has gotten more intense and is occurring more frequently. Yesterday, the client tapped the pencil so hard that the pencil broke. What is most likely occurring?

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a) The RBT is violating the ethical code

b) An extinction burst

c) The client is angry

d) Poor implementation of the procedure

b) An extinction burst

36) What is the most common graph used in ABA?

a) A pie chart

b) A histogram

c) A line graph

d) A scatterplot

c) A line graph

37) What is the primary difference between Discrete Trial Training and Incidental Teaching

a) Incidental teaching doesn't use reinforcement

b) Incidental teaching occurs in the natural environment

c) There is no difference

d) DTT is better than incidental teaching

b) Incidental teaching occurs in the natural environment

38) Which of the following describes a contingency?

a) Increases behavior

b) An if-then statement

c) A punishment procedure

d) A way to measure how long something takes

b) An if-then statement

Which of the following reinforcement schedules is based on an average number of correct responses?

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a) FR2

b) FI3

c) VR3

d) DRO

c) VR3

40) RBTs should record session notes:

a) Each session

b) Weekly

c) Monthly

d) Yearly

a) Each session

You are struggling with a client.

Who is the first person you should contact?

a) The parent

b) Your supervisor/BCBA

c) The company's director

d) The authorities

b) Your supervisor/BCBA

42) Which of the following is a requirement for session notes:

a) The notes are your personal opinion

b) The notes are objective

c) You document how the client slept last night

d) What they client ate for lunch

b) The notes are objective

43) You are recording the time it takes from the presentation of the demand (SD) to the first instance of behavior. What are you measuring?

a) Duration

b) Frequency

c) Latency

d) IRT

c) Latency

44) Examples are food, water, sleep

a) Secondary reinforcers

b) Consequences

c) Primary reinforcers

d) SD

c) Primary reinforcers

45) What comes before the behavior?

a) Consequence

b) Response

c) Antecedent

d) Punishment

c) Antecedent

46) Select the best definition for differential reinforcement from the choices below:

a) A stimulus, that when presented following a bx, causes an overall INCREASE in that bx over time

b) Providing greater reinforcement for better approximations of a target behavior, and placing other behaviors on extinction or on a less desirable reinforcement schedule

c) A stimulus that signals the availability of a reinforcer

d) A stimulus that, when presented following a behavior, causes an overall DECREASE in that behavior over time .

b) Providing greater reinforcement for better approximations of a target behavior, and placing other behaviors on extinction or on a less desirable reinforcement schedule

47) Freezing temperatures and electric shocks are examples of what type of punisher?

a) Conditioned

b) Positive

c) Unconditioned

d) Negative

c) Unconditioned

48) If you believe your client is being abused, which of the following should you do?

a) Contact relevant authorities

b) Follow organization policies

c) Consult with your supervisor

d) All of the above

d) All of the above

49) Which of the following is an antecedent technique?

a) Prompting

b) DRA

c) Task Analysis

d) Punishment

a) Prompting

50) A repertoire refers to?

a) The skills a client possesses

b) A type of antecdent intervention

c) A verbal operant

d) The type of measurement you are using

a) The skills a client possesses

51) Another word for request is?

a) Tact

b) Intraverbal

c) Mand

d) Echoic

c) Mand

52) Every time you say "put on your shoes" your daughter says "put on your shoes".

What type of verbal operant is this?

a) Mand

b) Echoic

c) Tact

d) Intraverbal

b) Echoic

53) Susie's family is driving down the road when they pass by a farm.

Susie looks out the window and says "cow."

How would you describe Susie saying cow?

a) Manding

b) Tacting

c) Protesting

d) Scripting

b) Tacting

54) Johnny's teacher says "OK, class who can tell me what 2+2 is". Johnny responds with "4!" What verbal operant does this describe?

a) Mand

b) Intraverbal

c) Tact

d) Autoclitic

b) Intraverbal

55) What are you measuring when you take permanent product data?

a) Intensity

b) Production

c) Length of time

d) You aren't measuring anything

b) Production

At the end of the session, Ralph’s grandma asks how sessions went and for updates on progress.

Which of the following is an inappropriate way to describe the day?

a) Ralph only eloped twice today! He was compliant and we were able to hit all his targets

b) I don’t think it went well. I don’t think my BCBA’s plan is working

c) Session went smoothly today. My BCBA said she implemented a task chain for showering independently in the morning. How is that going?

d) He is making progress, today we worked on communication and self help.

b) I don’t think it went well. I don’t think my BCBA’s plan is working

57) During session your client's mom asks you to train them on DTT. What is the best response?

a) Inform the parent that you'll let your BCBA know of their desire to be trained as you aren't allowed to train by yourself

b) Train the parent yourself

c) Explain to the parent that parents aren't allowed to be trained

d) Panic

a) Inform the parent that you'll let your BCBA know of their desire to be trained as you aren't allowed to train by yourself

58) Your 21-year-old client smokes cigarettes. Your BCBA decides that smoking is bad for your client and implements a program to decrease smoking without consulting the client first. Is this appropriate?

a) No, the client is not breaking any laws and has the right to be consulted with before decisions are made

b) Yes, smoking is unhealthy. The BCBA is protecting their client.

c) Yes, BCBAs are allowed to make any changes they want without consulting the client

d) No, it is unclear if smoking is unhealthy

a) No, the client is not breaking any laws and has the right to be consulted with before decisions are made

59) Rebecca's BCBA designs a complex behavior plan that involves multiple steps and procedures. During the first session that the behavior plan is implemented, Rebecca reinforces the wrong behavior. What should she do?

a) Pretend it didn't happen

b) She just needs to put it in her notes without telling anyone

c) Report herself to the parents

d) Tell her supervisor/BCBA immediately and request more training

d) Tell her supervisor/BCBA immediately and request more training

Which of the following examples would be acceptable in session note?

a) The client was angry with me today which is why behaviors occurred

b) Nothing significant happened today

c) The client became anxious when I told him to grab his cup from the kitchen

d) The client manded 8 times today independently. The client also tacted spoon and fork.

d) The client manded 8 times today independently. The client also tacted spoon and fork.

61) A crisis/emergency situation is:

a) Not a big deal

b) A situation where you, the client, or someone else is in danger

c) Something you should not report to your supervisor

d) Only happens with older clients

b) A situation where you, the client, or someone else is in danger

62) Which of the following increases or decreases the value of a reinforcer

a) Motivating operation

b) Abolishing operation

c) Discriminative Stimuli

d) SD

a) Motivating operation

63) You are teaching a child to write their name. You start by having them trace bold, large letters. You then remove the bold and have them trace the letters. You then make the letters normal size and have them trace. You then remove the beginning two letters of their name and have them trace. You then remove all letters and have them write their name independently. What are you doing?

a) Prompt fading

b) Task chaining

c) DTT

d) Verbal prompting

a) Prompt fading

64) What type of reinforcement system is based on time?

a) Ratio

b) DRI

c) Interval

d) DRA

c) Interval

65) Which of the following is not a type of continuous measurement?

a) Latency

b) Duration

c) Frequency

d) Partial time sampling

d) Partial time sampling

66) Ethically and professionally, you should comply with what? Pick the best answer.

a) You only need to comply with the law

b) All legal, regulatory, and workplace requirements

c) Company policy

d) The ethical code

b) All legal, regulatory, and workplace requirements

67) What question should you ask yourself when presented with an ethical dilemma?

a) What's the right thing to do?

b) What's worth doing?

c) What does it mean to be a good RBT?

d) All of these

d) All of these

68) You are bitten by a mosquito. The bite starts to itch, so you scratch it. Scratching the itch is what?

a) Negative reinforcement

b) Positive reinforcement

c) Negative punishment

d) Positive punishment

a) Negative reinforcement

69) Which of the following is an example of a prompt?

a) Turning on your computer

b) Writing a note to remind your partner to take out the trash

c) Compying with an instruction

d) Opening a window when you are hot

b) Writing a note to remind your partner to take out the trash

70) Every day you put your key in the ignition, turn it, and your car starts. Today, your car doesn't start. You begin to aggressively turn the key, push the gas pedal, and pound the steering wheel. What might be happening?

a) An extinction burst

b) Punishment

c) Avoidance behavior

d) Tacting

a) An extinction burst

71) What is the best reinforcement schedule for teaching a new skill?

a) VR2

b) FR1

c) FR6

d) FI2

b) FR1

72) What reinforcement schedule is the most productive and resistant to extinction?

a) FR

b) FI

c) VI

d) VR

d) VR

73) What is not an example of discrimination?

a) Identifying different colors in a crayon box

b) Calling all women you see "mom"

c) Ordering coke instead of sprite

d) Using a $5 bill instead of a $1 bill

b) Calling all women you see "mom"

74) Reinforcement can be continuous or intermittent. Behavior on what type of schedule is the hardest to extinguish?

a) Intermittent

b) FR1

c) Continuous

d) Parent designed

a) Intermittent

75) When we refer to baseline data we are referring to?

a) Data taken after intervention starts

b) Data taken before intervention is put in place

c) Data taken in the morning

d) Data taken by the parent

b) Data taken before intervention is put in place

76) A student walks up to the teacher and says "may I go to the bathroom?" What type of behavior is this?

a) A mand

b) Polite

c) An intraverbal

d) Antecedent

a) A mand

77) You just received a new client and are unsure how to run some of the programming. When should you consult with your BCBA?

a) Wait until your BCBA comes out and supervises you

b) Before you get to your next session

c) Don't worry about it, you will figure it out

d) Change the program to something you understand better

b) Before you get to your next session

78) At your most recent session the client's mom started to ask you about this new diet where you only eat sunflower seeds. The mom said she read about it on the internet and saw a video claiming the diet could help cure autism. The mom asks for your opinion. What is the best course of action?

a) Tell her you don't have an opinion on the diet, and refer her to your supervisor.

b) Tell her how ridiculous she sounds

c) Explain to her that you aren't familiar with that diet, but you know of other diets that could help

d) Leave the case

a) Tell her you don't have an opinion on the diet, and refer her to your supervisor.

79) What is the best way to respond to feedback from your BCBA?

a) Engage in an arguement with your BCBA

b) Talk about your BCBA behind their back

c) Professionally. Use it to improve yourself, even if you don't agree with it.

d) Ignore it. What do they know?

c) Professionally. Use it to improve yourself, even if you don't agree with it.

80) What are the three components of good data?

a) True and verified

b) IOA

c) Confound

d) Reliable, accurate, and valid

d) Reliable, accurate, and valid

81) What behavior is the most observable and measurable?

a) Your client fails a math test due to a lack of effort

b) You fall asleep in class because you are tired

c) You fall asleep in class

d) Your client was stressed out and ate a big bag of cookies

c) You fall asleep in class

82) What goes on the x-axis of a line graph?

a) Time

b) Behavior

c) Title

d) Client name

a) Time

83) What goes on the y-axis of a line graph

a) Time

b) Behavior

c) Title

d) Client name

b) Behavior

84) Your client elopes 5 times per hour. What does this describe?

a) Frequency

b) IRT

c) Rate

d) Duration

c) Rate

85) You want to measure the time in between placing orders on amazon. What are you measuring?

a) Latency

b) IRT

c) Duration

d) Rate

b) IRT

86) A client's mom reports to you that Abby tried 5 new foods since last session. What type of measurement is this?

a) IRT

b) Duration

c) Frequency

d) Rate

c) Frequency

87) If your client goes an entire week without calling his brother names, he earns a trip to game works. What reinforcement procedure is this?

a) DRA

b) DRO

c) SR

d) DRI

b) DRO

88) Your client is going on a golf trip to August National and invites you to tag along. Are you allowed to go?

a) Yes, how could you pass that opportunity up?

b) Yes, as long as you clear it with your supervisor.

c) No, this violates dual relationships and is unethical

d) No, you aren't allowed to miss work

c) No, this violates dual relationships and is unethical

89) You and a client practice interview questions every session to prepare for his job interview. During the job interview he is able to answer every question and gets the job. What has your client demonstrated?

a) Maintenance

b) Generalization

c) Shaping

d) Reinforcement

b) Generalization

90) I want you to provide reinforcement every 5th response. What kind of schedule is this?

a) VR5

b) FR5

c) FR6

d) VI1

b) FR5

91) When Tammy throws a tantrum, mom takes away her Barbie Dolls, and the tantrums decrease.

What is happening?

a) Positive Reinforcement

b) Negative Reinforcement

c) Positive Punishment

d) Negative Punishment

d) Negative Punishment

92) It took me 2 hours to get home from work today due to traffic. I also stopped and picked up food on the way home, and went to the bank.

What type of measurement did I use to measure my car ride?

a) Duration

b) Frequency

c) IRT

d) Rate

a) Duration

93) At dinner, you make your Bumble date choose their favorite food: seafood or steak. What type of preference assessment did you conduct?

a) Forced choice

b) Multiple stimulus with replacement

c) Multiple stimulus without replacement

d) Natural assessment

a) Forced choice

94) Your session lasts 3 hours, but your BCBA asks you take data on one specific behavior for only two 20 minute intervals per day. What type of measurement is this?

a) Continuous

b) Discontinuous

c) Duration

d) Frequency

b) Discontinuous

95) It's nap time and I have 10 students in my class. Every 8 minutes I look up from my desk to see who isn't sleeping.

What type of measurement?

a) Momentary time sampling

b) Whole interval

c) Partial interval

d) Frequency

a) Momentary time sampling

96) Your daughter gets home from art class and you ask her if she learned anything. She shows you a beautiful painting of a house.

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What type of measurement are you using?

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a) Duration

b) IRT

c) Permanent Product

d) Latency

c) Permanent Product

97) During session, your client falls and bumps their head. A knot forms and the client needs to see a doctor.

What do you do?

a) Resign from your position

b) Inform your BCBA and follow company protocols

c) Try to hide the knot from the parents

d) Nothing. It wasn't your fault.

b) Inform your BCBA and follow company protocols

98) I'm teaching my client to count to 10. I start by teaching them to count to 3, and reinforcing. Then I reinforce only when they count to 7. Finally, I reinforce only when they get all the way to10. What am I doing?

a) Chaining

b) Shaping

c) Measurement

d) NET

b) Shaping

99) NET is the same as?

a) Naturalistic teaching

b) DTT

c) Table time

d) Contrived teaching

a) Naturalistic teaching

100) While your supervisor is out of town, she asks you to conduct a functional analysis on your client. What should you do?

a) Do the functional analysis. You are well trained.

b) Report your BCBA to the board.

c) Quit your job.

d) Decline to do the functional analysis. You are not suited to do an FA alone as an RBT.

d) Decline to do the functional analysis. You are not suited to do an FA alone as an RBT.