Skeletal System

Function of skeletal system

Structure, movement, blood cell production

Structure of skeletal system

206 bones, axial division, appendicular division

Axial skeleton contains…

Cranial region, cervical region, thoracic cage, sternum

Appendicular skeleton contains which girdles

Pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle

Pectoral girdle contains…

Scapula, clavicle

Pelvic girdle contains…

Coxal bones, lower limbs

Pectoral girdle body parts

Shoulder, upper arm, lower arm, wrist, hand

Shoulder bone + girdle

Clavicle, scapula, pectoral

Upper arm bone + girdle

Humerus, pectoral

Lower arm bone + girdle

Radius, ulna, pectoralW

Wrist bone + girdle

Carpal bones, pectoral

Hand bone + girdle

Metacarpals, phalanges pectoral

Pelvic girdle body parts

Hip, upper leg, knee, lower leg, ankle, foot

Hip bone

Coxal bones, pelvic

Upper leg bone + girdle

Femur, pelvic

Knee bone + girdle

Patella, pelvicL

Lower leg bone + girdle

Tibia, fibula, pelvic

Ankle bone

Tarsal bones

Foot bone

metatarsals, phalanges

Joint

A connection between two or more bone

Synarthrotic

immovable joint, these junctions are called sutures

Amphiarthrotic

slightly moveable joint

Diarthrotic

freely moveable joint

Ball & Socket example

Shoulder, hip

Hinge example

Elbow, kneeP

Pivot example

Lower arm

Saddle example

thumb

Fracture

A break in a bone

Oblique

Diagonal fractureT

Transverse

Straight across fracture

Comminuted

“shatter”, composed of 3 or more fragments

Spiral

Product of twisting a bone too far

Greenstick

Bend in the bone

Segmental

Bone broken in two places, causing a “floating” segment

Open

Fractured bone punctures skin

Closed

Fractured bone does not puncture skinP

Partial

Fracture does not go all the way through the bone

Complete

Fracture goes all the way through the bone

Displaced

Fractured pieces of the bones are not lined up

Non-displaced

Fractured pieces of bone are lined up

Impacted

Fractured ends of bone are jammed together by force of injury

Cranium

Skull

Cranium bones

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, nasal, Sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic

Cervical spine

Neck, top 7 vertebrae of spine

Thoracic vertebrae

Mid back, middle 12 vertebrae of spineL

Lumbar vertebrae

Lower back, bottom 5 vertebrae of spine

Clavical

Collar boneS

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Humerus

Upper arm bone

Radius/Ulna

Forearm bones

Sternum

Breastbone

True ribs

Connected to spine and sternum (pairs 1-7)

False ribs

Connected to spine and other ribs (pairs 8-10)

Floating ribs

Connected to spine (pairs 11 & 12)

Sacrum

Under lumbar spine, above tailbone, within pelvic opening

Coccyx

TailboneP

Pelvis

Hip bones

Femure

thigh bone

Patella

KneecapT

Tibia/fibula

Shin bones

Tarsal

Ankle bone

Metatarsal

Foot bone

Phalange

Fingers or toes