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What is the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase?
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH): high affinity enzyme for ethanol
ethanol is converted to acetaldehyde
located in cytoplasm
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH):
acetaldehyde converted to acetate
ALDH2 located in mitochondria
ALDH1 is cytoplasmic and can pick up excess acetaldehyde if necessary
What is the final products of ethanol metabolism and what happens to them when produced?
The final products are acetate and NADH and acetate enters the blood and is taken up by muscle and other tissues while NADH enters ETC for ATP synthesis
What intermediate of ethanol metabolism can be harmful to cells if it builds up?
Acetaldehyde
What product of ethanol metabolism is good for ATP production in the cell but can inhibit other cellular metabolism pathways when large amounts of ethanol are metabolized?
NADH
when large amounts of ethanol are metabolized there are high levels of NADH
High levels of NADH inhibit TCA, FA catabolism, and ketone body synthesis
FA oxidation is also inhibited as NADH levels
