General Chemistry Final

The size of an atom

• Across a period: size decreases.

• Down a group: size increases.

Electron affinity

• This is the energy released when gaining an electron

• Across a period: EA becomes more negative (stronger)

• Down a group: EA becomes less negative (weaker)

electronegativity

• The pull on a electron

• Across a period: EN increases.

• Down a group: EN decreases.

Ionization energy

Energy required to remove an electron

Across a period: IE increases

Down a group: IE decreases

Effective Nuclear Charge (Z_eff)

Attraction felt by outer electrons

Across the period: Increases

Down a group: Increases slightly

Isotope

Same number of protons; different number of neutrons

absorption

upward pointing arrow, lower energy level to higher energy level

Emission

Downward pointing area, higher energy level to lower energy level

actinide

F-group most bottom row

Main group element

s or p block element